--- title: 1 Samuel 25:41 — And she arose, and bowed down with her face to the earth, and said:… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And she arose, and bowed down with her face to the earth, and said: 'Behold, thy handmaid is a servant to wash the feet of the servants of my lord.' Who acts: wife, handmaid. 1 Samuel 25:41 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/) / 25:41 # 1 Samuel 25:41 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** wife, handmaid · **What happens:** arise, bow down, say, be, wash · **To what, where:** servant, feet · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 25:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wife, handmaid — and what happens in the verse to servant, feet, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתָּ֕קָם וַתִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ אַפַּ֖יִם אָ֑רְצָה וַתֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֤ה אֲמָֽתְךָ֙ לְשִׁפְחָ֔ה לִרְחֹ֕ץ רַגְלֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי׃ [And she arose, and bowed down with her face to the earth, and said: 'Behold, thy handmaid is a servant to wash the feet of the servants of my lord.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.763/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:690 # text = וַתָּ֕קָם וַתִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ אַפַּ֖יִם אָ֑רְצָה וַתֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֤ה אֲמָֽתְךָ֙ לְשִׁפְחָ֔ה לִרְחֹ֕ץ רַגְלֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי׃ # verse = 1SA.25.41 1-2 וַתָּ֕קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:41!1|MId=o090250410011|Strong=2050b 2 תָּ֕קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.arose|Ref=1SA_25:41!1|MId=o090250410012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:090250400051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 וַתִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:41!2|MId=o090250410021|Strong=2050b 4 תִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.bowed.down|Ref=1SA_25:41!2|MId=o090250410022|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:090250400051;A1:090250410031;|Type=wayyiqtol 5 אַפַּ֖יִם אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 4 obj _ Gloss=face|Ref=1SA_25:41!3|MId=o090250410031|Strong=0639 6-7 אָ֑רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אָ֑רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=1SA_25:41!4|MId=o090250410041|Strong=0776 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=1SA_25:41!4|MId=o090250410042|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8-9 וַתֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_25:41!5|MId=o090250410051|Strong=2050b 9 תֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=1SA_25:41!5|MId=o090250410052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090250400051;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 הִנֵּ֤ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 14 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1SA_25:41!6|MId=o090250410061|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 11-12 אֲמָֽתְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֲמָֽת אָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=maidservant|Ref=1SA_25:41!7|MId=o090250410071|Strong=0519 12 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_25:41!7|MId=o090250410072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13-14 לְשִׁפְחָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=1SA_25:41!8|MId=o090250410081|Strong=3807a 14 שִׁפְחָ֔ה שִׁפְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 ccomp _ Gloss=become].(into).a.maid|Ref=1SA_25:41!8|MId=o090250410082|Strong=8198 15-16 לִרְחֹ֕ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_25:41!9|MId=o090250410091|Strong=3807a 16 רְחֹ֕ץ רָחַץ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 advcl _ Gloss=wash|Ref=1SA_25:41!9|MId=o090250410092|Strong=7364|Frame=A0:090250410071;A1:090250410101;|Type=infinitive_construct 17 רַגְלֵ֖י רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 16 obj _ Gloss=the.feet|Ref=1SA_25:41!10|MId=o090250410101|Strong=7272 18 עַבְדֵ֥י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.servants|Ref=1SA_25:41!11|MId=o090250410111|Strong=5650 19-20 אֲדֹנִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.lord|Ref=1SA_25:41!12|MId=o090250410121|Strong=0113 20 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_25:41!12|MId=o090250410122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=1SA_25:41!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תָּקָם *she arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | תִּשְׁתַּחוּ *she bowed down* | wayyiqtol | | אַפַּיִם *face* | | | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | רְחֹץ *wash* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲמָֽת *maidservant* | רַגְלֵי *the feet* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָמַת וּסְגִידַת עַל אַפָּהָא עַל אַרְעָא וַאֲמַרַת הָא אַמְתָךְ לְאַמְהוּ לְאַסְחָאָה רִיגְלֵי עַבְדֵי רִבּוֹנִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And she arose, and bowed down with her face to the earth, and said: 'Behold, thy handmaid is a servant to wash the feet of the servants of my lord.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.763/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:690`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.40/) - next →: [1 Samuel 25:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.42/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/25/)