--- title: 1 Samuel 26:1 — And the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah, saying: 'Doth not David h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah, saying: 'Doth not David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before Jeshimon?' Who acts: Ziphites, David, hill. 1 Samuel 26:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/) / 26:1 # 1 Samuel 26:1 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Ziphites, David, hill · **What happens:** come, say, not hide, be · **To what, where:** Gibeah, David, hill · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 26:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ziphites, David, hill — and what happens in the verse to Gibeah, David, hill, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַזִּפִים֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה לֵאמֹ֑ר הֲל֨וֹא דָוִ֤ד מִסְתַּתֵּר֙ בְּגִבְעַ֣ת הַחֲכִילָ֔ה עַ֖ל פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן׃ [And the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah, saying: 'Doth not David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before Jeshimon?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.767/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:694 # text = וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַזִּפִים֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה לֵאמֹ֑ר הֲל֨וֹא דָוִ֤ד מִסְתַּתֵּר֙ בְּגִבְעַ֣ת הַחֲכִילָ֔ה עַ֖ל פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן׃ # verse = 1SA.26.1 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:1!1|MId=o090260010011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֤אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=1SA_26:1!1|MId=o090260010012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090260010022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַזִּפִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_26:1!2|MId=o090260010021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 זִּפִים֙ זִיפִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ziphites|Ref=1SA_26:1!2|MId=o090260010022|Strong=2130|Type=gentilic 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_26:1!3|MId=o090260010031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_26:1!4|MId=o090260010041|Strong=7586 7-9 הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_26:1!5|MId=o090260010051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 גִּבְעָ֖ת גִּבְעָה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_26:1!5|MId=o090260010052|Strong=1390 9 ָה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=Gibeah|Ref=1SA_26:1!5|MId=o090260010053|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 10-11 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 15 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1SA_26:1!6|MId=o090260010061|Strong=3807a 11 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_26:1!6|MId=o090260010062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090260010022;|Type=infinitive_construct 12-13 הֲל֨וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=1SA_26:1!7|MId=o090260010071|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 13 ל֨וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_26:1!7|MId=o090260010072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 14 דָוִ֤ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].David|Ref=1SA_26:1!8|MId=o090260010081|Strong=1732 15 מִסְתַּתֵּר֙ סָתַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=hiding.himself|Ref=1SA_26:1!9|MId=o090260010091|Strong=5641|Frame=A0:090260010081;|Type=participle_active 16-17 בְּגִבְעַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_26:1!10|MId=o090260010101|Strong=0871a 17 גִבְעַ֣ת גִּבְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=the.hill|Ref=1SA_26:1!10|MId=o090260010102|Strong=1389 18-19 הַחֲכִילָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_26:1!11|MId=o090260010111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 חֲכִילָ֔ה חֲכִילָה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Hakilah|Ref=1SA_26:1!11|MId=o090260010112|Strong=2444 20 עַ֖ל עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_26:1!12|MId=o090260010121|Strong=5921 21 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 17 nmod _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=1SA_26:1!13|MId=o090260010131|Strong=6440 22-23 הַיְשִׁימֹֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_26:1!14|MId=o090260010141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 יְשִׁימֹֽן יְשִׁימֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Jeshimon|Ref=1SA_26:1!14|MId=o090260010142|Strong=3452 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:1!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹאוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | זִּפִים *Ziphites* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | זִּפִים *Ziphites* | | | | | **not** מִסְתַּתֵּר *hiding himself* | participle active · hithpael | דָוִד *\[is\] David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתוֹ אֱנָשֵׁי זִיף לְוַת שָׁאוּל לְגִבְעֲתָא לְמֵימַר הֲלָא דָוִד מִטַמָר בְּגִבְעֲתָא דַחֲכִילָה דִי עַל אַפֵּי יְשִׁימוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah, saying: 'Doth not David hide himself in the hill of Hachilah, which is before Jeshimon?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.767/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:694`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 25:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.25.44/) - next →: [1 Samuel 26:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.2/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/)