--- title: 1 Samuel 26:17 — And Saul knew David's voice, and said: 'Is this thy voice, my son Da… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Saul knew David's voice, and said: 'Is this thy voice, my son David?' And David said: 'It is my voice, my lord, O king.' Who acts: Saul, this, David, voice. 1 Samuel 26:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/) / 26:17 # 1 Samuel 26:17 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul, this, David, voice · **What happens:** know, say, be · **To what, where:** voice · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 26:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, this, David, voice — and what happens in the verse to voice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּכֵּ֤ר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל דָּוִ֔ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הֲקוֹלְךָ֥ זֶ֖ה בְּנִ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד קוֹלִ֖י אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And Saul knew David's voice, and said: 'Is this thy voice, my son David?' And David said: 'It is my voice, my lord, O king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.786/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:710 # text = וַיַּכֵּ֤ר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל דָּוִ֔ד וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הֲקוֹלְךָ֥ זֶ֖ה בְּנִ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד קוֹלִ֖י אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 1SA.26.17 1-2 וַיַּכֵּ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:17!1|MId=o090260170011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּכֵּ֤ר נָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.recognized|Ref=1SA_26:17!1|MId=o090260170012|Strong=5234|Frame=AA:090260170021;A0:090260170041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁאוּל֙ שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_26:17!2|MId=o090260170021|Strong=7586 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_26:17!3|MId=o090260170031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=1SA_26:17!4|MId=o090260170041|Strong=6963 6 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=1SA_26:17!5|MId=o090260170051|Strong=1732 7-8 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:17!6|MId=o090260170061|Strong=2050b 8 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_26:17!6|MId=o090260170062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090260170021;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-11 הֲקוֹלְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=1SA_26:17!7|MId=o090260170071|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 10 קוֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 ccomp _ Gloss=voice|Ref=1SA_26:17!7|MId=o090260170072|Strong=6963 11 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_26:17!7|MId=o090260170073|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 10 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].this|Ref=1SA_26:17!8|MId=o090260170081|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 13-14 בְּנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 parataxis _ Gloss=my.son|Ref=1SA_26:17!9|MId=o090260170091|Strong=1121 14 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_26:17!9|MId=o090260170092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15 דָוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 13 appos _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_26:17!10|MId=o090260170101|Strong=1732 16-17 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:17!11|MId=o090260170111|Strong=2050b 17 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_26:17!11|MId=o090260170112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090260170121;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_26:17!12|MId=o090260170121|Strong=1732 19-20 קוֹלִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 קוֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 ccomp _ Gloss=voice|Ref=1SA_26:17!13|MId=o090260170131|Strong=6963 20 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_26:17!13|MId=o090260170132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 אֲדֹנִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 parataxis _ Gloss=my.lord|Ref=1SA_26:17!14|MId=o090260170141|Strong=0113 22 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_26:17!14|MId=o090260170142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 23-24 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_26:17!15|MId=o090260170151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_26:17!15|MId=o090260170152|Strong=4428 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:17!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּכֵּר *he recognized* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | קוֹל *the voice* | | | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע שָׁאוּל יַת קָלָא דְדָוִד וַאֲמַר הֲקָלָךְ דֵין בְּרִי דָוִד וַאֲמַר דָוִד קָלִי רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Saul knew David's voice, and said: 'Is this thy voice, my son David?' And David said: 'It is my voice, my lord, O king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.786/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:710`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 26:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.16/) - next →: [1 Samuel 26:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.18/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/)