--- title: 1 Samuel 26:19 — Now therefore, I pray thee, let my lord the king hear the words of h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore, I pray thee, let my lord the king hear the words of his servant. If it be the LORD that hath stirred thee up against me, let Him accept an offering; but if it be the children of men, cursed be they before the LORD; for they have driven me out this day that I should not cleave unto the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/) / 26:19 # 1 Samuel 26:19 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** I, lord, servant, you, men · **What happens:** pray, let, hear, word, be, stir up · **To what, where:** thee, words, servant, LORD, offering, children · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 26:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, lord, servant, you, men — and what happens in the verse to thee, words, servant, LORD, offering, children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה יִֽשְׁמַֽע־נָא֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֣י עַבְדּ֑וֹ אִם־יְהוָ֞ה הֱסִֽיתְךָ֥ בִי֙ יָרַ֣ח מִנְחָ֔ה וְאִ֣ם ׀ בְּנֵ֣י הָאָדָ֗ם אֲרוּרִ֥ים הֵם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־גֵרְשׁ֣וּנִי הַיּ֗וֹם מֵהִסְתַּפֵּ֜חַ בְּנַחֲלַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֵ֥ךְ עֲבֹ֖ד אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃ [Now therefore, I pray thee, let my lord the king hear the words of his servant.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.788/) [If it be the LORD that hath stirred thee up against me, let Him accept an offering; but if it be the children of men, cursed be they before the LORD; for they have driven me out this day that I should not cleave unto the inheritance of the LORD, saying: Go, serve other gods.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.789/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:712 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה יִֽשְׁמַֽע־נָא֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֣י עַבְדּ֑וֹ אִם־יְהוָ֞ה הֱסִֽיתְךָ֥ בִי֙ יָרַ֣ח מִנְחָ֔ה וְאִ֣ם ׀ בְּנֵ֣י הָאָדָ֗ם אֲרוּרִ֥ים הֵם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־גֵרְשׁ֣וּנִי הַיּ֗וֹם מֵהִסְתַּפֵּ֜חַ בְּנַחֲלַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֵ֥ךְ עֲבֹ֖ד אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃ # verse = 1SA.26.19 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:19!1|MId=o090260190011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=now|Ref=1SA_26:19!1|MId=o090260190012|Strong=6258 3 יִֽשְׁמַֽע־ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=let.him.hear|Ref=1SA_26:19!2|MId=o090260190021|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090260190041;A1:090260190071;|Type=jussive|SpaceAfter=No 4 נָא֙ נָא INTJ _ _ 3 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=1SA_26:19!3|MId=o090260190031|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 5-6 אֲדֹנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=lord|Ref=1SA_26:19!4|MId=o090260190041|Strong=0113 6 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_26:19!4|MId=o090260190042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7-8 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_26:19!5|MId=o090260190051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=1SA_26:19!5|MId=o090260190052|Strong=4428 9 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_26:19!6|MId=o090260190061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 10 דִּבְרֵ֣י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=the.words|Ref=1SA_26:19!7|MId=o090260190071|Strong=1697 11-12 עַבְדּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.servant|Ref=1SA_26:19!8|MId=o090260190081|Strong=5650 12 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_26:19!8|MId=o090260190082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_26:19!9|MId=o090260190091|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 14 יְהוָ֞ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_26:19!10|MId=o090260190101|Strong=3068 15-16 הֱסִֽיתְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הֱסִֽית סוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 advcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_26:19!11|MId=o090260190111|Strong=5496|Frame=AA:090260190101;A0:090260190112;|Type=qatal 16 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=has.incited.you|Ref=1SA_26:19!11|MId=o090260190112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17-18 בִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=1SA_26:19!12|MId=o090260190121|Strong=0871a 18 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_26:19!12|MId=o090260190122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19 יָרַ֣ח רוח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=may.he.smell|Ref=1SA_26:19!13|MId=o090260190131|Strong=7306a|Frame=AA:090260190101;A0:090260190141;|Type=yiqtol 20 מִנְחָ֔ה מִנְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=an.offering|Ref=1SA_26:19!14|MId=o090260190141|Strong=4503 21-22 וְאִ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:19!15|MId=o090260190151|Strong=2050b 22 אִ֣ם אִם SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1SA_26:19!15|MId=o090260190152|Strong=0518 23 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:19!15 24 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 advcl _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=1SA_26:19!16|MId=o090260190161|Strong=1121 25-26 הָאָדָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_26:19!17|MId=o090260190171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 אָדָ֗ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=1SA_26:19!17|MId=o090260190172|Strong=0120 27 אֲרוּרִ֥ים אָרַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[be].cursed|Ref=1SA_26:19!18|MId=o090260190181|Strong=0779|Frame=A1:090260190191;|Type=participle_passive 28 הֵם֙ הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1SA_26:19!19|MId=o090260190191|Strong=1992|Type=personal 29-30 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_26:19!20|MId=o090260190201|Strong=3807a 30 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_26:19!20|MId=o090260190202|Strong=6440 31 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_26:19!21|MId=o090260190211|Strong=3068 32 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 33 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_26:19!22|MId=o090260190221|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 גֵרְשׁ֣וּנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 גֵרְשׁ֣וּ גָּרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=1SA_26:19!23|MId=o090260190231|Strong=1644|Frame=A0:090260190161;A1:090260190232;|Type=qatal 34 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=have.driven.me.out|Ref=1SA_26:19!23|MId=o090260190232|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 35-36 הַיּ֗וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_26:19!24|MId=o090260190241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 יּ֗וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_26:19!24|MId=o090260190242|Strong=3117 37-38 מֵהִסְתַּפֵּ֜חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_26:19!25|MId=o090260190251|Strong=4480 38 הִסְתַּפֵּ֜חַ סָפַח VERB _ HebBinyan=HITHPAEL 33 advcl _ Gloss=having.a.share|Ref=1SA_26:19!25|MId=o090260190252|Strong=5596|Frame=A0:090260190081;|Type=infinitive_construct 39-40 בְּנַחֲלַ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_26:19!26|MId=o090260190261|Strong=0871a 40 נַחֲלַ֤ת נַחֲלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 38 obl _ Gloss=the.inheritance|Ref=1SA_26:19!26|MId=o090260190262|Strong=5159 41 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 40 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1SA_26:19!27|MId=o090260190271|Strong=3068 42-43 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 44 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1SA_26:19!28|MId=o090260190281|Strong=3807a 43 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 42 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_26:19!28|MId=o090260190282|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090260190161;A1:090260190291;|Type=infinitive_construct 44 לֵ֥ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 33 advcl _ Gloss=go|Ref=1SA_26:19!29|MId=o090260190291|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090260190081;|Type=imperative 45 עֲבֹ֖ד עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 44 parataxis _ Gloss=serve|Ref=1SA_26:19!30|MId=o090260190301|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:090260190081;A1:090260190311;|Type=imperative 46 אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 45 obj _ Gloss=gods|Ref=1SA_26:19!31|MId=o090260190311|Strong=0430 47 אֲחֵרִֽים אַחֵר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 46 amod _ Gloss=other|Ref=1SA_26:19!32|MId=o090260190321|Strong=0312|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 48 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 47 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:19!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִֽשְׁמַֽע־ *let him hear* | jussive · qal | אֲדֹנ *lord* | דִּבְרֵי *the words* | | | | הֱסִֽית *he* | qatal · hiphil | ְךָ *has incited you* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | יָרַח *may he smell* | yiqtol · hiphil | מִנְחָה *an offering* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | אֲרוּרִים *\[be\] cursed* | participle passive · qal | | הֵם *they* | | | | גֵרְשׁוּ *they* | qatal · piel | בְּנֵי *the sons* | נִי *have driven me out* | | | | הִסְתַּפֵּחַ *having a share* | infinitive construct · hithpael | עַבְדּ *his servant* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | בְּנֵי *the sons* | לֵךְ *go* | | | | לֵךְ *go* | imperative · qal | עַבְדּ *his servant* | | | | | עֲבֹד *serve* | imperative · qal | עַבְדּ *his servant* | אֱלֹהִים *gods* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן יִשְׁמַע כְּעַן רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא יַת פִּתְגָמֵי עַבְדֵיהּ אִם מִן קֳדָם יְיָ אִתְגָרִית בִּי יְקַבֵּל קוּרְבָּנִי בְּרַעֲוָא וְאִם בְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא לִיטִין אִנוּן קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי תָרֵיכוּנִי יוֹמָא דֵין מִלְמֵידַר בְּאַחֲסָנַת עַמָא דַייָ לְמֵימַר אֱזֵיל דָוִד בֵּינֵי עַמְמַיָא פַּלְחֵי טַעֲוָתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore, I pray thee, let my lord the king hear the words of his servant.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.788/) 2. [If it be the LORD that hath stirred thee up against me, let Him accept an offering; but if it be the children of men, cursed be they before the LORD; for they have driven me out this day that I should not cleave unto the inheritance of the LORD, saying: Go, serve other gods.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.789/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:712`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 26:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.18/) - next →: [1 Samuel 26:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.20/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/)