--- title: 1 Samuel 26:22 — And David answered and said: 'Behold the king's spear! let then one… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David answered and said: 'Behold the king's spear! let then one of the young men come over and fetch it. Who acts: David, one. 1 Samuel 26:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/) / 26:22 # 1 Samuel 26:22 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David, one · **What happens:** answer, say, let, come over, fetch · **To what, where:** spear · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 26:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, one — and what happens in the verse to spear, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֤עַן דָּוִד֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר הִנֵּ֖ה חֲנִ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְיַעֲבֹ֛ר אֶחָ֥ד מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֖ים וְיִקָּחֶֽהָ׃ [And David answered and said: 'Behold the king's spear! let then one of the young men come over and fetch it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.792/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:715 # text = וַיַּ֤עַן דָּוִד֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר הִנֵּ֖ה חֲנִ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְיַעֲבֹ֛ר אֶחָ֥ד מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֖ים וְיִקָּחֶֽהָ׃ # verse = 1SA.26.22 1-2 וַיַּ֤עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:22!1|MId=o090260220011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֤עַן עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=1SA_26:22!1|MId=o090260220012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:090260220021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_26:22!2|MId=o090260220021|Strong=1732 4-5 וַיֹּ֔אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:22!3|MId=o090260220031|Strong=2050b 5 יֹּ֔אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_26:22!3|MId=o090260220032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090260220021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 הִנֵּ֖ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1SA_26:22!4|MId=o090260220041|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 7 חֲנִ֣ית חֲנִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 ccomp _ Gloss=the.spear|Ref=1SA_26:22!6|MId=o090260220061|Strong=2595 8-9 הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_26:22!7|MId=o090260220071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1SA_26:22!7|MId=o090260220072|Strong=4428 10-11 וְיַעֲבֹ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:22!8|MId=o090260220081|Strong=2050b 11 יַעֲבֹ֛ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=let.him.pass.over|Ref=1SA_26:22!8|MId=o090260220082|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:090260220091;|Type=yiqtol 12 אֶחָ֥ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=one|Ref=1SA_26:22!9|MId=o090260220091|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 13-15 מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_26:22!10|MId=o090260220101|Strong=4480 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the.young|Ref=1SA_26:22!10|MId=o090260220102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 נְּעָרִ֖ים נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 nmod _ Gloss=men|Ref=1SA_26:22!10|MId=o090260220103|Strong=5288 16-18 וְיִקָּחֶֽהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:22!11|MId=o090260220111|Strong=2050b 17 יִקָּח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=let|Ref=1SA_26:22!11|MId=o090260220112|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:090260220091;A1:090260220113;|Type=yiqtol 18 ֶֽהָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=him.take.it|Ref=1SA_26:22!11|MId=o090260220113|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:22!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יַעֲבֹר *let him pass over* | yiqtol · qal | אֶחָד *one* | | | | | יִקָּח *let* | yiqtol · qal | אֶחָד *one* | ֶֽהָ *him take it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתֵיב דָוִד וַאֲמַר הָא מוּרְנִיתָא דְמַלְכָּא וְיֶעְבַּר חַד מֵעוּלֵמַיָא וְיִסְבָהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David answered and said: 'Behold the king's spear! let then one of the young men come over and fetch it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.792/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:715`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 26:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.21/) - next →: [1 Samuel 26:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/)