--- title: 1 Samuel 26:23 — And the LORD will render to every man his righteousness and his fait… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD will render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; forasmuch as the LORD delivered thee into my hand to-day, and I would not put forth my hand against the LORD'S anointed. Who acts: LORD, I. 1 Samuel 26:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/) / 26:23 # 1 Samuel 26:23 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** LORD, I · **What happens:** render, deliver, not put · **To what, where:** righteousness, man, thee, hand, anointed This is 1 Samuel 26:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to righteousness, man, thee, hand, anointed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיהוָה֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לָאִ֔ישׁ אֶת־צִדְקָת֖וֹ וְאֶת־אֱמֻנָת֑וֹ אֲשֶׁר֩ נְתָנְךָ֨יְהוָ֤ה ׀ הַיּוֹם֙ בְּיָ֔ד וְלֹ֣א אָבִ֔יתִי לִשְׁלֹ֥חַ יָדִ֖י בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ [And the LORD will render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; forasmuch as the LORD delivered thee into my hand to-day, and I would not put forth my hand against the LORD'S anointed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.793/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:716 # text = וַֽיהוָה֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לָאִ֔ישׁ אֶת־צִדְקָת֖וֹ וְאֶת־אֱמֻנָת֑וֹ אֲשֶׁר֩ נְתָנְךָ֨יְהוָ֤ה ׀ הַיּוֹם֙ בְּיָ֔ד וְלֹ֣א אָבִ֔יתִי לִשְׁלֹ֥חַ יָדִ֖י בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.26.23 1-2 וַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:23!1|MId=o090260230011|Strong=2050b 2 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_26:23!1|MId=o090260230012|Strong=3068 3 יָשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.return|Ref=1SA_26:23!2|MId=o090260230021|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:090260230012;A0:090260230051;090260230071;|Type=yiqtol 4-6 לָאִ֔ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_26:23!3|MId=o090260230031|Strong=3807a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_26:23!3|MId=o090260230031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אִ֔ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=1SA_26:23!3|MId=o090260230032|Strong=0376 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_26:23!4|MId=o090260230041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 צִדְקָת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 צִדְקָת צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=1SA_26:23!5|MId=o090260230051|Strong=6666 9 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_26:23!5|MId=o090260230052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:23!6|MId=o090260230061|Strong=2050b 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_26:23!6|MId=o090260230062|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12-13 אֱמֻנָת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֱמֻנָת אֱמוּנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=faithfulness|Ref=1SA_26:23!7|MId=o090260230071|Strong=0530 13 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_26:23!7|MId=o090260230072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1SA_26:23!8|MId=o090260230081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15-17 נְתָנְךָ֨יְהוָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 נְתָנ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_26:23!9|MId=o090260230091|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:090260230092;A0:090260230101;|Type=qatal 16 ְךָ֨ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=gave.you|Ref=1SA_26:23!9|MId=o090260230092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_26:23!10|MId=o090260230101|Strong=3068 18 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:23!10 19-20 הַיּוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_26:23!11|MId=o090260230111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 יּוֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_26:23!11|MId=o090260230112|Strong=3117 21-22 בְּיָ֔ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_26:23!12|MId=o090260230121|Strong=0871a 22 יָ֔ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=a.hand|Ref=1SA_26:23!12|MId=o090260230122|Strong=3027 23-24 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_26:23!13|MId=o090260230131|Strong=2050b 24 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_26:23!13|MId=o090260230132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 25 אָבִ֔יתִי אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 15 conj _ Gloss=I.was.willing|Ref=1SA_26:23!14|MId=o090260230141|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:090260220021;|Type=qatal 26-27 לִשְׁלֹ֥חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_26:23!15|MId=o090260230151|Strong=3807a 27 שְׁלֹ֥חַ שָׁלַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 xcomp _ Gloss=stretch.out|Ref=1SA_26:23!15|MId=o090260230152|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:090260220021;A1:090260230161;|Type=infinitive_construct 28-29 יָדִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=1SA_26:23!16|MId=o090260230161|Strong=3027 29 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_26:23!16|MId=o090260230162|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 30-31 בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_26:23!17|MId=o090260230171|Strong=0871a 31 מְשִׁ֥יחַ מָשִׁיחַ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.[one].anointed|Ref=1SA_26:23!17|MId=o090260230172|Strong=4899 32 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1SA_26:23!18|MId=o090260230181|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_26:23!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָשִׁיב *he will return* | yiqtol · hiphil | צִדְקָת *righteousness* + אֱמֻנָת *faithfulness* | | | יהוָה *Yahweh* | | נְתָנ *he* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ְךָ *gave you* | | | | **not** אָבִיתִי *I was willing* | qatal · qal | | | | | | שְׁלֹחַ *stretch out* | infinitive construct · qal | | יָד *hand* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַיָי יָתֵיב לִגְבַר יַת זְכוּתֵיה וְיַת קוּשְׁטֵיהּ דְמַסְרָךְ יְיָ יוֹמָא דֵין בִּידִי וְלָא אֲבֵיתִי לְאוֹשָׁטָא יְדִי בִּמְשִׁיחָא דַיָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD will render to every man his righteousness and his faithfulness; forasmuch as the LORD delivered thee into my hand to-day, and I would not put forth my hand against the LORD'S anointed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.793/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:716`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 26:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.22/) - next →: [1 Samuel 26:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.26.24/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/26/)