--- title: 1 Samuel 27:3 — And David dwelt with Achish at Gath, he and his men, every man with… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David dwelt with Achish at Gath, he and his men, every man with his household, even David with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the Carmelitess, Nabal's wife. Who acts: David. 1 Samuel 27:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.27.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/27/) / 27:3 # 1 Samuel 27:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David · **What happens:** dwell · **To what, where:** Gath This is 1 Samuel 27:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David — and what happens in the verse to Gath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ דָּוִ֨ד עִם־אָכִ֥ישׁ בְּגַ֛ת ה֥וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו אִ֣ישׁ וּבֵית֑וֹ דָּוִד֙ וּשְׁתֵּ֣י נָשָׁ֔יו אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙ הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔ית וַאֲבִיגַ֥יִל אֵֽשֶׁת־נָבָ֖ל הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽית׃ [And David dwelt with Achish at Gath, he and his men, every man with his household, even David with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the Carmelitess, Nabal's wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.798/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:721 # text = וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ דָּוִ֨ד עִם־אָכִ֥ישׁ בְּגַ֛ת ה֥וּא וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו אִ֣ישׁ וּבֵית֑וֹ דָּוִד֙ וּשְׁתֵּ֣י נָשָׁ֔יו אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙ הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔ית וַאֲבִיגַ֥יִל אֵֽשֶׁת־נָבָ֖ל הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽית׃ # verse = 1SA.27.3 1-2 וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_27:3!1|MId=o090270030011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּשֶׁב֩ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.dwelt|Ref=1SA_27:3!1|MId=o090270030012|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:090270030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֨ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_27:3!2|MId=o090270030021|Strong=1732 4 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_27:3!3|MId=o090270030031|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 5 אָכִ֥ישׁ אָכִישׁ PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Achish|Ref=1SA_27:3!4|MId=o090270030041|Strong=0397 6-7 בְּגַ֛ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_27:3!5|MId=o090270030051|Strong=0871a 7 גַ֛ת גַּת PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Gath|Ref=1SA_27:3!5|MId=o090270030052|Strong=1661 8 ה֥וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_27:3!6|MId=o090270030061|Strong=1931|Type=personal 9-11 וַאֲנָשָׁ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_27:3!7|MId=o090270030071|Strong=2050b 10 אֲנָשָׁ֖י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=1SA_27:3!7|MId=o090270030072|Strong=0376 11 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_27:3!7|MId=o090270030073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=each.one|Ref=1SA_27:3!8|MId=o090270030081|Strong=0376 13-15 וּבֵית֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_27:3!9|MId=o090270030091|Strong=2050b 14 בֵית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=household|Ref=1SA_27:3!9|MId=o090270030092|Strong=1004 15 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_27:3!9|MId=o090270030093|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 דָּוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 parataxis _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_27:3!10|MId=o090270030101|Strong=1732 17-18 וּשְׁתֵּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_27:3!11|MId=o090270030111|Strong=2050b 18 שְׁתֵּ֣י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 19 nummod _ Gloss=the.two|Ref=1SA_27:3!11|MId=o090270030112|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 19-20 נָשָׁ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 נָשָׁ֔י אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 conj _ Gloss=wives|Ref=1SA_27:3!12|MId=o090270030121|Strong=0802 20 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_27:3!12|MId=o090270030122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21 אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙ אֲחִינֹעַם PROPN _ _ 19 appos _ Gloss=Ahinoam|Ref=1SA_27:3!13|MId=o090270030131|Strong=0293 22-23 הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the.Jezreelite|Ref=1SA_27:3!14|MId=o090270030141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 יִּזְרְעֵאלִ֔ית יִזְרְעֵאלִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 appos _ Gloss=[woman]|Ref=1SA_27:3!14|MId=o090270030142|Strong=3158|Type=gentilic 24-25 וַאֲבִיגַ֥יִל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_27:3!15|MId=o090270030151|Strong=2050b 25 אֲבִיגַ֥יִל אֲבִיגַיִל PROPN _ _ 21 conj _ Gloss=Abigail|Ref=1SA_27:3!15|MId=o090270030152|Strong=0026 26 אֵֽשֶׁת־ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 appos _ Gloss=the.wife|Ref=1SA_27:3!16|MId=o090270030161|Strong=0802|SpaceAfter=No 27 נָבָ֖ל נָבָל PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nabal|Ref=1SA_27:3!17|MId=o090270030171|Strong=5037 28-29 הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the.Carmelite|Ref=1SA_27:3!18|MId=o090270030181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 כַּרְמְלִֽית כַּרְמְלִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 appos _ Gloss=[woman]|Ref=1SA_27:3!18|MId=o090270030182|Strong=3761|Type=gentilic 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1SA_27:3!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּשֶׁב *he dwelt* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיתֵיב דָוִד עִם אָכִישׁ בְּגַת הוּא וְגַבְרוֹהִי גְבַר וֶאֱנַשׁ בֵיתֵיה דָוִד וְתַרְתֵּין נְשׁוֹהִי אֲחִנוֹעַם דְמִיזְרְעֶאל וַאֲבִיגַיִל אִתַּת נָבָל דְמִכַּרְמְלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David dwelt with Achish at Gath, he and his men, every man with his household, even David with his two wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the Carmelitess, Nabal's wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.798/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:721`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 27:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.27.2/) - next →: [1 Samuel 27:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.27.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/27/)