--- title: 1 Samuel 28:12 — And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.' Who acts: woman, thou. 1 Samuel 28:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / 28:12 # 1 Samuel 28:12 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** woman, thou · **What happens:** see, cry, speak, say, deceive, be · **To what, where:** Samuel, Saul, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 28:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — woman, thou — and what happens in the verse to Samuel, Saul, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתֵּ֤רֶא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַתִּזְעַ֖ק בְּק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל וַתֹּאמֶר֩ הָאִשָּׁ֨ה אֶל־שָׁא֧וּל לֵאמֹ֛ר לָ֥מָּה רִמִּיתָ֖נִי וְאַתָּ֥ה שָׁאֽוּל׃ [And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.822/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:742 # text = וַתֵּ֤רֶא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַתִּזְעַ֖ק בְּק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל וַתֹּאמֶר֩ הָאִשָּׁ֨ה אֶל־שָׁא֧וּל לֵאמֹ֛ר לָ֥מָּה רִמִּיתָ֖נִי וְאַתָּ֥ה שָׁאֽוּל׃ # verse = 1SA.28.12 1-2 וַתֵּ֤רֶא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:12!1|MId=o090280120011|Strong=2050b 2 תֵּ֤רֶא רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.saw|Ref=1SA_28:12!1|MId=o090280120012|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:090280120022;A1:090280120041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:12!2|MId=o090280120021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִשָּׁה֙ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=1SA_28:12!2|MId=o090280120022|Strong=0802 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_28:12!3|MId=o090280120031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל שְׁמוּאֵל PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Samuel|Ref=1SA_28:12!4|MId=o090280120041|Strong=8050 7-8 וַתִּזְעַ֖ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:12!5|MId=o090280120051|Strong=2050b 8 תִּזְעַ֖ק זָעַק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.cried.out|Ref=1SA_28:12!5|MId=o090280120052|Strong=2199|Frame=A0:090280120022;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 בְּק֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_28:12!6|MId=o090280120061|Strong=0871a 10 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=a.voice|Ref=1SA_28:12!6|MId=o090280120062|Strong=6963 11 גָּד֑וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=1SA_28:12!7|MId=o090280120071|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 12-13 וַתֹּאמֶר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:12!8|MId=o090280120081|Strong=2050b 13 תֹּאמֶר֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=1SA_28:12!8|MId=o090280120082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090280120092;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-15 הָאִשָּׁ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:12!9|MId=o090280120091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אִשָּׁ֨ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=1SA_28:12!9|MId=o090280120092|Strong=0802 16 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_28:12!10|MId=o090280120101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 17 שָׁא֧וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_28:12!11|MId=o090280120111|Strong=7586 18-19 לֵאמֹ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 22 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1SA_28:12!12|MId=o090280120121|Strong=3807a 19 אמֹ֛ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_28:12!12|MId=o090280120122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090280120092;|Type=infinitive_construct 20-21 לָ֥מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לָ֥ לָמָה ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_28:12!13|MId=o090280120131|Strong=3807a 21 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 22 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1SA_28:12!13|MId=o090280120132|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 22-23 רִמִּיתָ֖נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 רִמִּיתָ֖ רָמָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 ccomp _ Gloss=have|Ref=1SA_28:12!14|MId=o090280120141|Strong=7411a|Frame=A0:090280120111;A1:090280120142;|Type=qatal 23 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=you.deceived.me|Ref=1SA_28:12!14|MId=o090280120142|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְאַתָּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:12!15|MId=o090280120151|Strong=2050b 25 אַתָּ֥ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_28:12!15|MId=o090280120152|Strong=0859|Type=personal 26 שָׁאֽוּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 22 conj _ Gloss=[are].Saul|Ref=1SA_28:12!16|MId=o090280120161|Strong=7586|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=1SA_28:12!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֵּרֶא *she saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִשָּׁה *woman* | שְׁמוּאֵל *Samuel* | | | | תִּזְעַק *she cried out* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | רִמִּיתָ *have* | qatal · piel | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | נִי *you deceived me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַחֲזַת אִתְּתָא יַת שְׁמוּאֵל וּצְוָחַת בְּקַל רַב וַאֲמָרַת אִתְּתָא לְשָׁאוּל לְמֵימָר לְמָה שְׁקַרְתְּ בִּי וְאַתְּ שָׁאוּל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice; and the woman spoke to Saul, saying: 'Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.822/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:742`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.11/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.13/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/)