--- title: 1 Samuel 28:18 — Because thou didst not hearken to the voice of the LORD, and didst n… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Because thou didst not hearken to the voice of the LORD, and didst not execute His fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath the LORD done this thing unto thee this day. Who acts: thou, LORD. 1 Samuel 28:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / 28:18 # 1 Samuel 28:18 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** thou, LORD · **What happens:** not hearken, not execute, do · **To what, where:** fierce wrath, thing This is 1 Samuel 28:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, LORD — and what happens in the verse to fierce wrath, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֙עְתָּ֙ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־עָשִׂ֥יתָ חֲרוֹן־אַפּ֖וֹ בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק עַל־כֵּן֙ הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה עָשָֽׂה־לְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [Because thou didst not hearken to the voice of the LORD, and didst not execute His fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath the LORD done this thing unto thee this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.828/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:748 # text = כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֙עְתָּ֙ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־עָשִׂ֥יתָ חֲרוֹן־אַפּ֖וֹ בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק עַל־כֵּן֙ הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה עָשָֽׂה־לְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.28.18 1-2 כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 22 dislocated _ Gloss=since|Ref=1SA_28:18!1|MId=o090280180011|Strong=3509a 2 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_28:18!1|MId=o090280180012|Strong=0834|Type=relative 3 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_28:18!2|MId=o090280180021|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 שָׁמַ֙עְתָּ֙ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.listened|Ref=1SA_28:18!3|MId=o090280180031|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090280150101;|Type=qatal 5-6 בְּק֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_28:18!4|MId=o090280180041|Strong=0871a 6 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=1SA_28:18!4|MId=o090280180042|Strong=6963 7 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1SA_28:18!5|MId=o090280180051|Strong=3068 8-9 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:18!6|MId=o090280180061|Strong=2050b 9 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_28:18!6|MId=o090280180062|Strong=3808|Type=negative 10 עָשִׂ֥יתָ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.executed|Ref=1SA_28:18!7|MId=o090280180071|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090280150101;A1:090280180081;|Type=qatal 11 חֲרוֹן־ חָרוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=the.burning|Ref=1SA_28:18!8|MId=o090280180081|Strong=2740|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 אַפּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אַפּ אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.anger|Ref=1SA_28:18!9|MId=o090280180091|Strong=0639 13 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_28:18!9|MId=o090280180092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_28:18!10|MId=o090280180101|Strong=0871a 15 עֲמָלֵ֑ק עֲמָלֵק PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Amalek|Ref=1SA_28:18!10|MId=o090280180102|Strong=6002 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=1SA_28:18!11|MId=o090280180111|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17 כֵּן֙ כֵּן ADV _ _ 22 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_28:18!12|MId=o090280180121|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 18-19 הַדָּבָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:18!13|MId=o090280180131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 דָּבָ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=thing|Ref=1SA_28:18!13|MId=o090280180132|Strong=1697 20-21 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_28:18!14|MId=o090280180141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_28:18!14|MId=o090280180142|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 22 עָשָֽׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.done|Ref=1SA_28:18!15|MId=o090280180151|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:090280180132;A0:090280180171;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 לְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_28:18!16|MId=o090280180161|Strong=3807a 24 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_28:18!16|MId=o090280180162|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_28:18!17|MId=o090280180171|Strong=3068 26-27 הַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:18!18|MId=o090280180181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_28:18!18|MId=o090280180182|Strong=3117 28-29 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_28:18!19|MId=o090280180191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_28:18!19|MId=o090280180192|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1SA_28:18!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** שָׁמַעְתָּ *you listened* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** עָשִׂיתָ *you executed* | qatal · qal | | חֲרוֹן־ *the burning* | | | | עָשָֽׂה־ *he has done* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | דָּבָר *thing* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כְּמָא דְלָא קַבֵּילְתָּא בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ וְלָא עֲבַדְתָּא תְקֵיף רוּגְזֵיהּ בַּעֲמָלֵק עַל כֵּן פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין עֲבַד לָךְ יְיָ יוֹמָא הָדֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Because thou didst not hearken to the voice of the LORD, and didst not execute His fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath the LORD done this thing unto thee this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.828/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:748`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.17/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.19/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/)