--- title: 1 Samuel 28:22 — Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thy… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thy handmaid, and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat, that thou mayest have strength, when thou goest on thy way.' Who acts: I, thou, me. 1 Samuel 28:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / 28:22 # 1 Samuel 28:22 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** I, thou, me · **What happens:** pray, hearken, let, set, eat, have · **To what, where:** thee, me, morsel, strength, way This is 1 Samuel 28:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, thou, me — and what happens in the verse to thee, me, morsel, strength, way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁמַֽע־נָ֤א גַם־אַתָּה֙ בְּק֣וֹל שִׁפְחָתֶ֔ךָ וְאָשִׂ֧מָה לְפָנֶ֛יךָ פַּת־לֶ֖חֶם וֶאֱכ֑וֹל וִיהִ֤י בְךָ֙ כֹּ֔חַ כִּ֥י תֵלֵ֖ךְ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃ [Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thy handmaid, and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat, that thou mayest have strength, when thou goest on thy way.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.832/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:752 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁמַֽע־נָ֤א גַם־אַתָּה֙ בְּק֣וֹל שִׁפְחָתֶ֔ךָ וְאָשִׂ֧מָה לְפָנֶ֛יךָ פַּת־לֶ֖חֶם וֶאֱכ֑וֹל וִיהִ֤י בְךָ֙ כֹּ֔חַ כִּ֥י תֵלֵ֖ךְ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃ # verse = 1SA.28.22 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:22!1|MId=o090280220011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=now|Ref=1SA_28:22!1|MId=o090280220012|Strong=6258 3 שְׁמַֽע־ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=listen|Ref=1SA_28:22!2|MId=o090280220021|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:090280220051;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 4 נָ֤א נָא INTJ _ _ 3 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=1SA_28:22!3|MId=o090280220031|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 5 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1SA_28:22!4|MId=o090280220041|Strong=1571|SpaceAfter=No 6 אַתָּה֙ אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_28:22!5|MId=o090280220051|Strong=0859|Type=personal 7-8 בְּק֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_28:22!6|MId=o090280220061|Strong=0871a 8 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=1SA_28:22!6|MId=o090280220062|Strong=6963 9-10 שִׁפְחָתֶ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 שִׁפְחָת שִׁפְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.maidservant|Ref=1SA_28:22!7|MId=o090280220071|Strong=8198 10 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_28:22!7|MId=o090280220072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְאָשִׂ֧מָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:22!8|MId=o090280220081|Strong=2050b 12 אָשִׂ֧מָה שׂים VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=let.me.set|Ref=1SA_28:22!8|MId=o090280220082|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:090280220071;A1:090280220101;|Type=yiqtol 13-15 לְפָנֶ֛יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_28:22!9|MId=o090280220091|Strong=3807a 14 פָנֶ֛י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_28:22!9|MId=o090280220092|Strong=6440 15 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_28:22!9|MId=o090280220093|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16 פַּת־ פַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=a.piece|Ref=1SA_28:22!10|MId=o090280220101|Strong=6595|SpaceAfter=No 17 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.bread|Ref=1SA_28:22!11|MId=o090280220111|Strong=3899 18-19 וֶאֱכ֑וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וֶ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:22!12|MId=o090280220121|Strong=2050b 19 אֱכ֑וֹל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=eat|Ref=1SA_28:22!12|MId=o090280220122|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:090280210041;A1:090280220101;|Type=imperative 20-21 וִיהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=1SA_28:22!13|MId=o090280220131|Strong=2050b 21 יהִ֤י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 cop _ Gloss=that.it.may.be|Ref=1SA_28:22!13|MId=o090280220132|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090280220151;|Type=jussive 22-23 בְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_28:22!14|MId=o090280220141|Strong=0871a 23 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_28:22!14|MId=o090280220142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 24 כֹּ֔חַ כֹּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=strength|Ref=1SA_28:22!15|MId=o090280220151|Strong=3581 25 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_28:22!16|MId=o090280220161|Strong=3588 26 תֵלֵ֖ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=1SA_28:22!17|MId=o090280220171|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090280210041;|Type=yiqtol 27-29 בַּדָּֽרֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_28:22!18|MId=o090280220181|Strong=0871a 28 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:22!18|MId=o090280220181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 דָּֽרֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=way|Ref=1SA_28:22!18|MId=o090280220182|Strong=1870 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1SA_28:22!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁמַֽע־ *listen* | imperative · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | אָשִׂמָה *let me set* | yiqtol · qal | שִׁפְחָת *your maidservant* | פַּת־ *a piece* | | | | אֱכוֹל *eat* | imperative · qal | | פַּת־ *a piece* | | | | יהִי *that it may be* | jussive · qal | כֹּחַ *strength* | | | | | תֵלֵךְ *you will go* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן קַבֵיל כְּעַן אַף אַתְּ לְמֵימָר אַמְתָךְ וַאֲשַׁוֵי קֳדָמָךְ פִּתָּא דְלַחְמָא וֶאֱכוֹל וִיהֵי בָךְ חֵילָא אֲרֵי תֵיזֵיל בְּאוֹרְחָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou also unto the voice of thy handmaid, and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat, that thou mayest have strength, when thou goest on thy way.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.832/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:752`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.21/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/)