--- title: 1 Samuel 28:9 — And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath do… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that divine by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land; wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die?' Who acts: woman, thou, Saul, me. 1 Samuel 28:9 in Hebrew with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/) / 28:9 # 1 Samuel 28:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** woman, thou, Saul, me · **What happens:** say, know, do, cut off, divine, lay · **To what, where:** those, land, snare, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 28:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — woman, thou, Saul, me — and what happens in the verse to those, land, snare, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתֹּ֨אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו הִנֵּ֨ה אַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה שָׁא֔וּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִכְרִ֛ית אֶת־הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖י מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָמָ֥ה אַתָּ֛ה מִתְנַקֵּ֥שׁ בְּנַפְשִׁ֖י לַהֲמִיתֵֽנִי׃ [And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that divine by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land; wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.819/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:739 # text = וַתֹּ֨אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו הִנֵּ֨ה אַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה שָׁא֔וּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִכְרִ֛ית אֶת־הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖י מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָמָ֥ה אַתָּ֛ה מִתְנַקֵּ֥שׁ בְּנַפְשִׁ֖י לַהֲמִיתֵֽנִי׃ # verse = 1SA.28.9 1-2 וַתֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:9!1|MId=o090280090011|Strong=2050b 2 תֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=1SA_28:9!1|MId=o090280090012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090280090022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָֽאִשָּׁ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:9!2|MId=o090280090021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִשָּׁ֜ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=woman|Ref=1SA_28:9!2|MId=o090280090022|Strong=0802 5-6 אֵלָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֵלָ֗י אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_28:9!3|MId=o090280090031|Strong=0413 6 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_28:9!3|MId=o090280090032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7 הִנֵּ֨ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 9 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1SA_28:9!4|MId=o090280090041|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 8 אַתָּ֤ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_28:9!5|MId=o090280090051|Strong=0859|Type=personal 9 יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you.know|Ref=1SA_28:9!6|MId=o090280090061|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090280090051;A1:090280090091;|Type=qatal 10 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 9 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_28:9!7|MId=o090280090071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 11 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=1SA_28:9!8|MId=o090280090081|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 12 עָשָׂ֣ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.done|Ref=1SA_28:9!9|MId=o090280090091|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090280090101;|Type=qatal 13 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_28:9!10|MId=o090280090101|Strong=7586 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1SA_28:9!11|MId=o090280090111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 הִכְרִ֛ית כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.cut.off|Ref=1SA_28:9!12|MId=o090280090121|Strong=3772|Frame=AA:090280090101;A0:090280090142;090280090162;|Type=qatal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_28:9!13|MId=o090280090131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הָאֹב֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:9!14|MId=o090280090141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֹב֥וֹת אוֹב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obj _ Gloss=necromancers|Ref=1SA_28:9!14|MId=o090280090142|Strong=0178 19-20 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:9!15|MId=o090280090151|Strong=2050b 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_28:9!15|MId=o090280090152|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 21-22 הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:9!16|MId=o090280090161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 יִּדְּעֹנִ֖י יִדְּעֹנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=soothsayer|Ref=1SA_28:9!16|MId=o090280090162|Strong=3049 23 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_28:9!17|MId=o090280090171|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_28:9!18|MId=o090280090181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=1SA_28:9!18|MId=o090280090182|Strong=0776 26-28 וְלָמָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_28:9!19|MId=o090280090191|Strong=2050b 27 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_28:9!19|MId=o090280090192|Strong=3807a 28 מָ֥ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 30 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1SA_28:9!19|MId=o090280090193|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 29 אַתָּ֛ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].you|Ref=1SA_28:9!20|MId=o090280090201|Strong=0859|Type=personal 30 מִתְנַקֵּ֥שׁ נָקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=setting.traps|Ref=1SA_28:9!21|MId=o090280090211|Strong=5367|Frame=A0:090280090201;|Type=participle_active 31-33 בְּנַפְשִׁ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_28:9!22|MId=o090280090221|Strong=0871a 32 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=life|Ref=1SA_28:9!22|MId=o090280090222|Strong=5315 33 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_28:9!22|MId=o090280090223|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 34-36 לַהֲמִיתֵֽנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_28:9!23|MId=o090280090231|Strong=3807a 35 הֲמִית מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 30 advcl _ Gloss=cause|Ref=1SA_28:9!23|MId=o090280090232|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:090280080021;A0:090280090233;|Type=infinitive_construct 36 ֵֽנִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ Gloss=me.to.die|Ref=1SA_28:9!23|MId=o090280090233|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=1SA_28:9!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִשָּׁה *woman* | | | | | יָדַעְתָּ *you know* | qatal · qal | אַתָּה *you* | עָשָׂה *he has done* | | | | עָשָׂה *he has done* | qatal · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | הִכְרִית *he has cut off* | qatal · hiphil | אֹבוֹת *necromancers* + יִּדְּעֹנִי *soothsayer* | | | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | מִתְנַקֵּשׁ *setting traps* | participle active · hithpael | אַתָּה *\[are\] you* | | | | | הֲמִית *cause* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ֵֽנִי *me to die* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרַת אִתְּתָא לֵיהּ הָא אַתְּ יָדַעְתָּא יַת דַעֲבַד שָׁאוּל דְשֵׁיצֵי יַת בִּידִין וְיַת זְכוּרוּ מִן אַרְעָא וּלְמָא אַתְּ מִתְגָרֵי בְּנַפְשִׁי לְמִקְטְלִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the woman said unto him: 'Behold, thou knowest what Saul hath done, how he hath cut off those that divine by a ghost or a familiar spirit out of the land; wherefore then layest thou a snare for my life, to cause me to die?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.819/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:739`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 28:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.8/) - next →: [1 Samuel 28:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.28.10/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/28/)