--- title: 1 Samuel 29:9 — And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God; notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle. Who acts: Achish, I, thou, princes. 1 Samuel 29:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/29/) / 29:9 # 1 Samuel 29:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Achish, I, thou, princes, my · **What happens:** answer, say, know, be, not go up, sight · **To what, where:** David, sight · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 29:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Achish, I, thou, princes, my — and what happens in the verse to David, sight, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֣עַן אָכִישׁ֮ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־דָּוִד֒ יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּ֣י ט֥וֹב אַתָּ֛ה בְּעֵינַ֖י כְּמַלְאַ֣ךְ אֱלֹהִ֑ים אַ֣ךְ שָׂרֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ אָֽמְר֔וּ לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עִמָּ֖נוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ [And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God; notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.846/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:764 # text = וַיַּ֣עַן אָכִישׁ֮ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־דָּוִד֒ יָדַ֕עְתִּי כִּ֣י ט֥וֹב אַתָּ֛ה בְּעֵינַ֖י כְּמַלְאַ֣ךְ אֱלֹהִ֑ים אַ֣ךְ שָׂרֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ אָֽמְר֔וּ לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה עִמָּ֖נוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.29.9 1-2 וַיַּ֣עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_29:9!1|MId=o090290090011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֣עַן עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=1SA_29:9!1|MId=o090290090012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:090290090021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אָכִישׁ֮ אָכִישׁ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Achish|Ref=1SA_29:9!2|MId=o090290090021|Strong=0397 4-5 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_29:9!3|MId=o090290090031|Strong=2050b 5 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_29:9!3|MId=o090290090032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090290090021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_29:9!4|MId=o090290090041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 7 דָּוִד֒ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_29:9!5|MId=o090290090051|Strong=1732 8 יָדַ֕עְתִּי יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 ccomp _ Gloss=I.know|Ref=1SA_29:9!6|MId=o090290090061|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:090290090021;A1:090290090081;|Type=qatal 9 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=1SA_29:9!7|MId=o090290090071|Strong=3588 10 ט֥וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 ccomp _ Gloss=[are].good|Ref=1SA_29:9!8|MId=o090290090081|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 11 אַתָּ֛ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_29:9!9|MId=o090290090091|Strong=0859|Type=personal 12-14 בְּעֵינַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_29:9!10|MId=o090290090101|Strong=0871a 13 עֵינ עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 10 obl _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=1SA_29:9!10|MId=o090290090102|Strong=5869 14 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_29:9!10|MId=o090290090103|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-16 כְּמַלְאַ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1SA_29:9!11|MId=o090290090111|Strong=3509a 16 מַלְאַ֣ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=an.angel|Ref=1SA_29:9!11|MId=o090290090112|Strong=4397 17 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=1SA_29:9!12|MId=o090290090121|Strong=0430 18 אַ֣ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=nevertheless|Ref=1SA_29:9!13|MId=o090290090131|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 19 שָׂרֵ֤י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ Gloss=the.commanders|Ref=1SA_29:9!14|MId=o090290090141|Strong=8269 20 פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_29:9!15|MId=o090290090151|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 21 אָֽמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.said|Ref=1SA_29:9!16|MId=o090290090161|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090290090141;|Type=qatal 22 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_29:9!17|MId=o090290090171|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 יַעֲלֶ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 ccomp _ Gloss=he.will.go.up|Ref=1SA_29:9!18|MId=o090290090181|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:090290090051;|Type=yiqtol 24-25 עִמָּ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_29:9!19|MId=o090290090191|Strong=5973 25 ָ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=1SA_29:9!19|MId=o090290090192|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 26-28 בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_29:9!20|MId=o090290090201|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_29:9!20|MId=o090290090201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 מִּלְחָמָֽה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=1SA_29:9!20|MId=o090290090202|Strong=4421 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=1SA_29:9!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | אָכִישׁ *Achish* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אָכִישׁ *Achish* | | | | | יָדַעְתִּי *I know* | qatal · qal | אָכִישׁ *Achish* | טוֹב *\[are\] good* | | | | אָֽמְרוּ *they have said* | qatal · qal | שָׂרֵי *the commanders* | | | | | **not** יַעֲלֶה *he will go up* | yiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתֵיב אָכִישׁ וַאֲמַר לְדָוִד יְדַעְנָא אֲרֵי תַקִין אַתְּ בְּעֵינַי כְּמַלְאָכָא דַייָ בְּרַם רַבְרְבֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אֲמַרוּ לָא יִסַק עִמָנָא בִּקְרָבָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Achish answered and said to David: 'I know that thou art good in my sight, as an angel of God; notwithstanding the princes of the Philistines have said: He shall not go up with us to the battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.846/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:764`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 29:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.8/) - next →: [1 Samuel 29:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.29.10/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/29/)