--- title: 1 Samuel 30:14 — We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that whic… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the South of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.' Who acts: We. 1 Samuel 30:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/) / 30:14 # 1 Samuel 30:14 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** We · **What happens:** make, belong, burn · **To what, where:** raid, Judah, Ziklag This is 1 Samuel 30:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — We — and what happens in the verse to raid, Judah, Ziklag, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֲנַ֡חְנוּ פָּשַׁ֜טְנוּ נֶ֧גֶב הַכְּרֵתִ֛י וְעַל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וְעַל־נֶ֣גֶב כָּלֵ֑ב וְאֶת־צִקְלַ֖ג שָׂרַ֥פְנוּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃ [We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the South of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.863/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:780 # text = אֲנַ֡חְנוּ פָּשַׁ֜טְנוּ נֶ֧גֶב הַכְּרֵתִ֛י וְעַל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וְעַל־נֶ֣גֶב כָּלֵ֑ב וְאֶת־צִקְלַ֖ג שָׂרַ֥פְנוּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃ # verse = 1SA.30.14 1 אֲנַ֡חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=1SA_30:14!1|MId=o090300140011|Strong=0587|Type=personal 2 פָּשַׁ֜טְנוּ פָּשַׁט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=we.had.made.a.raid|Ref=1SA_30:14!2|MId=o090300140021|Strong=6584|Frame=A0:090300140011;|Type=qatal 3 נֶ֧גֶב נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=[the].Negev|Ref=1SA_30:14!3|MId=o090300140031|Strong=5045 4-5 הַכְּרֵתִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_30:14!4|MId=o090300140041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 כְּרֵתִ֛י כְּרֵתִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Kerethite[s]|Ref=1SA_30:14!4|MId=o090300140042|Strong=3774|Type=gentilic 6-7 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:14!5|MId=o090300140051|Strong=2050b 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_30:14!5|MId=o090300140052|Strong=5921 8 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=1SA_30:14!6|MId=o090300140061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9-10 לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=1SA_30:14!7|MId=o090300140071|Strong=3807a 10 יהוּדָ֖ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=1SA_30:14!7|MId=o090300140072|Strong=3063 11-12 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:14!8|MId=o090300140081|Strong=2050b 12 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_30:14!8|MId=o090300140082|Strong=5921 13 נֶ֣גֶב נֶגֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=[the].Negev|Ref=1SA_30:14!9|MId=o090300140091|Strong=5045 14 כָּלֵ֑ב כָּלֵב PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Caleb|Ref=1SA_30:14!10|MId=o090300140101|Strong=3612 15-16 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:14!11|MId=o090300140111|Strong=2050b 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_30:14!11|MId=o090300140112|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17 צִקְלַ֖ג צִקְלַג PROPN _ _ 18 obj _ Gloss=Ziklag|Ref=1SA_30:14!12|MId=o090300140121|Strong=6860 18 שָׂרַ֥פְנוּ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=we.had.burned|Ref=1SA_30:14!13|MId=o090300140131|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:090300130151;090300130171;090300130101;A1:090300140121;|Type=qatal 19-21 בָאֵֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_30:14!14|MId=o090300140141|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_30:14!14|MId=o090300140141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אֵֽשׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=1SA_30:14!14|MId=o090300140142|Strong=0784 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=1SA_30:14!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | פָּשַׁטְנוּ *we had made a raid* | qatal · qal | אֲנַחְנוּ *we* | | | | | שָׂרַפְנוּ *we had burned* | qatal · qal | | צִקְלַג *Ziklag* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲנַחְנָא אִתְנְגִידְנָא עַל דָרוֹמָא כְּרֵית וְעַל דִי לִיהוּדָה וְעַל דָרוֹם כָּלֵב וְיַת צִקְלַג אוֹקִידְנָא בְּנוּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [We made a raid upon the South of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the South of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.863/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:780`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 30:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.13/) - next →: [1 Samuel 30:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.15/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/)