--- title: 1 Samuel 30:3 — And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives. Who acts: David. 1 Samuel 30:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/) / 30:3 # 1 Samuel 30:3 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** David · **What happens:** come, burn, take · **To what, where:** city, wives This is 1 Samuel 30:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David — and what happens in the verse to city, wives, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֨א דָוִ֤ד וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ אֶל־הָעִ֔יר וְהִנֵּ֥ה שְׂרוּפָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֛ם וּבְנֵיהֶ֥ם וּבְנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם נִשְׁבּֽוּ׃ [And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.852/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:769 # text = וַיָּבֹ֨א דָוִ֤ד וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ אֶל־הָעִ֔יר וְהִנֵּ֥ה שְׂרוּפָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֛ם וּבְנֵיהֶ֥ם וּבְנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם נִשְׁבּֽוּ׃ # verse = 1SA.30.3 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:3!1|MId=o090300030011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֨א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=1SA_30:3!1|MId=o090300030012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090300030021;090300030032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָוִ֤ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_30:3!2|MId=o090300030021|Strong=1732 4-6 וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:3!3|MId=o090300030031|Strong=2050b 5 אֲנָשָׁי אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=1SA_30:3!3|MId=o090300030032|Strong=0376 6 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_30:3!3|MId=o090300030033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_30:3!4|MId=o090300030041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הָעִ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_30:3!5|MId=o090300030051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 עִ֔יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1SA_30:3!5|MId=o090300030052|Strong=5892 10-11 וְהִנֵּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:3!6|MId=o090300030061|Strong=2050b 11 הִנֵּ֥ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 12 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1SA_30:3!6|MId=o090300030062|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 12 שְׂרוּפָ֖ה שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[it.was].burned|Ref=1SA_30:3!7|MId=o090300030071|Strong=8313|Frame=A1:090300030052;|Type=participle_passive 13-15 בָּאֵ֑שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_30:3!8|MId=o090300030081|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_30:3!8|MId=o090300030081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אֵ֑שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=1SA_30:3!8|MId=o090300030082|Strong=0784 16-18 וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:3!9|MId=o090300030091|Strong=2050b 17 נְשֵׁי אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=wives|Ref=1SA_30:3!9|MId=o090300030092|Strong=0802 18 הֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_30:3!9|MId=o090300030093|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19-21 וּבְנֵיהֶ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:3!10|MId=o090300030101|Strong=2050b 20 בְנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=1SA_30:3!10|MId=o090300030102|Strong=1121 21 הֶ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_30:3!10|MId=o090300030103|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22-24 וּבְנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:3!11|MId=o090300030111|Strong=2050b 23 בְנֹתֵי בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=1SA_30:3!11|MId=o090300030112|Strong=1323 24 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1SA_30:3!11|MId=o090300030113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25 נִשְׁבּֽוּ שָׁבָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.had.been.taken.captive|Ref=1SA_30:3!12|MId=o090300030121|Strong=7617|Frame=A1:090300030092;090300030102;090300030112;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1SA_30:3!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹא *he came* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָוִד *David* + אֲנָשָׁי *men* | | | | | שְׂרוּפָה *\[it was\] burned* | participle passive · qal | | עִיר *city* | | | | נִשְׁבּֽוּ *they had been taken captive* | qatal · niphal | | נְשֵׁי *wives* + בְנֵי *sons* + בְנֹתֵי *daughters* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתָא דָוִד וְגַבְרוֹהִי לְקַרְתָּא וְהָא קַלְיָא בְּנוּרָא וּנְשֵׁיהוֹן וּבְנֵיהוֹן וּבְנָתֵיהוֹן אִשְׁתָּבִיאוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.852/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:769`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 30:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.2/) - next →: [1 Samuel 30:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/)