--- title: 1 Samuel 30:6 — And David was greatly distressed; for the people spoke of stoning hi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David was greatly distressed; for the people spoke of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters; but David strengthened himself in the LORD his God. Who acts: people, David. 1 Samuel 30:6 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/) / 30:6 # 1 Samuel 30:6 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** people, David · **What happens:** distress, speak, stone, grieve, strengthen · **To what, where:** David, Nabal, soul · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 30:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, David — and what happens in the verse to David, Nabal, soul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתֵּ֨צֶר לְדָוִ֜ד מְאֹ֗ד כִּֽי־אָמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ לְסָקְל֔וֹ כִּֽי־מָ֙רָה֙ נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ עַל־בָּנָ֣יו וְעַל־בְּנֹתָ֑יו וַיִּתְחַזֵּ֣ק דָּוִ֔ד בַּיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהָֽיו׃ס [And David was greatly distressed; for the people spoke of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters; but David strengthened himself in the LORD his God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.855/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:772 # text = וַתֵּ֨צֶר לְדָוִ֜ד מְאֹ֗ד כִּֽי־אָמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ לְסָקְל֔וֹ כִּֽי־מָ֙רָה֙ נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ עַל־בָּנָ֣יו וְעַל־בְּנֹתָ֑יו וַיִּתְחַזֵּ֣ק דָּוִ֔ד בַּיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהָֽיו׃ס # verse = 1SA.30.6 1-2 וַתֵּ֨צֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:6!1|MId=o090300060011|Strong=2050b 2 תֵּ֨צֶר צרר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.distress|Ref=1SA_30:6!1|MId=o090300060012|Strong=6887|Frame=A0:;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לְדָוִ֜ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_30:6!2|MId=o090300060021|Strong=3807a 4 דָוִ֜ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_30:6!2|MId=o090300060022|Strong=1732 5 מְאֹ֗ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=1SA_30:6!3|MId=o090300060031|Strong=3966 6 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_30:6!4|MId=o090300060041|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 7 אָמְר֤וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=1SA_30:6!5|MId=o090300060051|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090300060062;|Type=qatal 8-9 הָעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_30:6!6|MId=o090300060061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 עָם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_30:6!6|MId=o090300060062|Strong=5971 10-12 לְסָקְל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_30:6!7|MId=o090300060071|Strong=3807a 11 סָקְל סָקַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 advcl _ Gloss=stone|Ref=1SA_30:6!7|MId=o090300060072|Strong=5619|Frame=A0:090300060062;A1:090300060073;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1SA_30:6!7|MId=o090300060073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_30:6!8|MId=o090300060081|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 14 מָ֙רָה֙ מרר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.was.bitter|Ref=1SA_30:6!9|MId=o090300060091|Strong=4843|Frame=A0:090300060101;|Type=qatal 15 נֶ֣פֶשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=the.soul|Ref=1SA_30:6!10|MId=o090300060101|Strong=5315 16 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.all|Ref=1SA_30:6!11|MId=o090300060111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הָעָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_30:6!12|MId=o090300060121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 עָ֔ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=1SA_30:6!12|MId=o090300060122|Strong=5971 19 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=1SA_30:6!13|MId=o090300060131|Strong=0376 20 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_30:6!14|MId=o090300060141|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 בָּנָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בָּנָ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obl _ Gloss=sons|Ref=1SA_30:6!16|MId=o090300060161|Strong=1121 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_30:6!16|MId=o090300060162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-24 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:6!17|MId=o090300060171|Strong=2050b 24 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_30:6!17|MId=o090300060172|Strong=5921 25-26 בְּנֹתָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְּנֹתָ֑י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 21 conj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=1SA_30:6!18|MId=o090300060181|Strong=1323 26 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_30:6!18|MId=o090300060182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-28 וַיִּתְחַזֵּ֣ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_30:6!19|MId=o090300060191|Strong=2050b 28 יִּתְחַזֵּ֣ק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.strengthened.himself|Ref=1SA_30:6!19|MId=o090300060192|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:090300060201;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 28 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=1SA_30:6!20|MId=o090300060201|Strong=1732 30-31 בַּיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_30:6!21|MId=o090300060211|Strong=0871a 31 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 28 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_30:6!21|MId=o090300060212|Strong=3068 32-33 אֱלֹהָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 אֱלֹהָֽי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_30:6!22|MId=o090300060221|Strong=0430 33 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_30:6!22|MId=o090300060222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1SA_30:6!22|SpaceAfter=No 35 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1SA_30:6!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֵּצֶר *it was distress* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אָמְרוּ *they said* | qatal · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | סָקְל *stone* | infinitive construct · qal | עָם *people* | וֹ *him* | | | | מָרָה *it was bitter* | qatal · qal | נֶפֶשׁ *the soul* | | | | | יִּתְחַזֵּק *he strengthened himself* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְעָקַת לְדָוִד לַחֲדָא אֲרֵי אֲמַרוּ עַמָא לְמִרְגְמֵיהּ אֲרֵי מָרַת נַפְשָׁא דְכָל עַמָא גְבַר עַל בְּנוֹהִי וְעַל בְּנָתֵיהּ וְאַתְקֵיף דָוִד בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ אֱלָהֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David was greatly distressed; for the people spoke of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters; but David strengthened himself in the LORD his God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.855/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:772`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 30:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.5/) - next →: [1 Samuel 30:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.30.7/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/30/)