--- title: 1 Samuel 31:8 — And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to stri… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa. Who acts: Jordan, Philistines, Saul. 1 Samuel 31:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/31/) / 31:8 # 1 Samuel 31:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Jordan, Philistines, Saul · **What happens:** come, pass, strip, find, fall · **To what, where:** morrow, slain, Saul, mount This is 1 Samuel 31:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jordan, Philistines, Saul — and what happens in the verse to morrow, slain, Saul, mount, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הַחֲלָלִ֑ים וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ [And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.889/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:805 # text = וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הַחֲלָלִ֑ים וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ # verse = 1SA.31.8 1-2 וַֽיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_31:8!1|MId=o090310080011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1SA_31:8!1|MId=o090310080012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִֽ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=1SA_31:8!2|MId=o090310080021|Strong=4480 4 מָּחֳרָ֔ת מׇחֳרָת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=next.day|Ref=1SA_31:8!2|MId=o090310080022|Strong=4283 5-6 וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_31:8!3|MId=o090310080031|Strong=2050b 6 יָּבֹ֣אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.came|Ref=1SA_31:8!3|MId=o090310080032|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090310080041;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_31:8!4|MId=o090310080041|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 8-9 לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_31:8!5|MId=o090310080051|Strong=3807a 9 פַשֵּׁ֖ט פָּשַׁט VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 6 advcl _ Gloss=strip|Ref=1SA_31:8!5|MId=o090310080052|Strong=6584|Frame=A0:090310080041;A1:090310080072;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_31:8!6|MId=o090310080061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 הַחֲלָלִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the.[ones]|Ref=1SA_31:8!7|MId=o090310080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 חֲלָלִ֑ים חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=slain|Ref=1SA_31:8!7|MId=o090310080072|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 13-14 וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_31:8!8|MId=o090310080081|Strong=2050b 14 יִּמְצְא֤וּ מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.found|Ref=1SA_31:8!8|MId=o090310080082|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:090310080041;A1:090310080141;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_31:8!9|MId=o090310080091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16 שָׁאוּל֙ שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_31:8!10|MId=o090310080101|Strong=7586 17-18 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_31:8!11|MId=o090310080111|Strong=2050b 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_31:8!11|MId=o090310080112|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nummod _ Gloss=the.three|Ref=1SA_31:8!12|MId=o090310080121|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 20-21 בָּנָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בָּנָ֔י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=1SA_31:8!13|MId=o090310080131|Strong=1121 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_31:8!13|MId=o090310080132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 נֹפְלִ֖ים נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 14 ccomp _ Gloss=fallen|Ref=1SA_31:8!14|MId=o090310080141|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:090310080101;090310080131;|Type=participle_active 23-24 בְּהַ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_31:8!15|MId=o090310080151|Strong=0871a 24 הַ֥ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=the.mountain|Ref=1SA_31:8!15|MId=o090310080152|Strong=2022 25-26 הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_31:8!16|MId=o090310080161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 גִּלְבֹּֽעַ גִּלְבֹּעַ PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Gilboa|Ref=1SA_31:8!16|MId=o090310080162|Strong=1533 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=1SA_31:8!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹאוּ *they came* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | | | | פַשֵּׁט *strip* | infinitive construct · piel | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | חֲלָלִים *slain* | | | | יִּמְצְאוּ *they found* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | נֹפְלִים *fallen* | | | | נֹפְלִים *fallen* | participle active · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* + בָּנָי *sons* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּיוֹמָא דְבַתְרוֹהִי וַאֲתוֹ פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי לְחַלָצָא קְטִילַיָא וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ יַת שָׁאוּל וְיַת תְּלָתָא בְּנוֹהִי קַטִילִין רְמָן בְּטוּרָא דְגִלְבּוֹעַ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.889/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:805`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.7/) - next →: [1 Samuel 31:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.31.9/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/31/)