--- title: 1 Samuel 4:13 — And when he came, lo, Eli sat upon his seat by the wayside watching;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when he came, lo, Eli sat upon his seat by the wayside watching; for his heart trembled for the ark of God. And when the man came into the city, and told it, all the city cried out. Who acts: ark, Eli, heart, man. 1 Samuel 4:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/) / 4:13 # 1 Samuel 4:13 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** ark, Eli, heart, man, city · **What happens:** come, sit, watch, tremble, tell, cry out · **To what, where:** seat, city · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 4:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ark, Eli, heart, man, city — and what happens in the verse to seat, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּב֗וֹא וְהִנֵּ֣ה עֵ֠לִי יֹשֵׁ֨ב עַֽל־הַכִּסֵּ֜א יַ֥ד דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ מְצַפֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־הָיָ֤ה לִבּוֹ֙ חָרֵ֔ד עַ֖ל אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְהָאִ֗ישׁ בָּ֚א לְהַגִּ֣יד בָּעִ֔יר וַתִּזְעַ֖ק כָּל־הָעִֽיר׃ [And when he came, lo, Eli sat upon his seat by the wayside watching; for his heart trembled for the ark of God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.109/) [And when the man came into the city, and told it, all the city cried out.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.110/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:97 # text = וַיָּב֗וֹא וְהִנֵּ֣ה עֵ֠לִי יֹשֵׁ֨ב עַֽל־הַכִּסֵּ֜א יַ֥ד דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ מְצַפֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־הָיָ֤ה לִבּוֹ֙ חָרֵ֔ד עַ֖ל אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְהָאִ֗ישׁ בָּ֚א לְהַגִּ֣יד בָּעִ֔יר וַתִּזְעַ֖ק כָּל־הָעִֽיר׃ # verse = 1SA.4.13 1-2 וַיָּב֗וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:13!1|MId=o090040130011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּב֗וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=1SA_4:13!1|MId=o090040130012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090040120021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 וְהִנֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:13!2|MId=o090040130021|Strong=2050b 4 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 12 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1SA_4:13!2|MId=o090040130022|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 5 עֵ֠לִי עֵלִי PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Eli|Ref=1SA_4:13!3|MId=o090040130031|Strong=5941 6 יֹשֵׁ֨ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 12 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].sitting|Ref=1SA_4:13!4|MId=o090040130041|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:090040130031;|Type=participle_active 7 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_4:13!5|MId=o090040130051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַכִּסֵּ֜א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_4:13!6|MId=o090040130061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 כִּסֵּ֜א כִּסֵּא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=seat|Ref=1SA_4:13!6|MId=o090040130062|Strong=3678 10 יַ֥ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=[the].side|Ref=1SA_4:13!8|MId=o090040130081|Strong=3027 11 דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].road|Ref=1SA_4:13!9|MId=o090040130091|Strong=1870 12 מְצַפֶּ֔ה צָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=watching|Ref=1SA_4:13!10|MId=o090040130101|Strong=6822|Frame=A0:090040130031;|Type=participle_active 13 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_4:13!11|MId=o090040130111|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 14 הָיָ֤ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1SA_4:13!12|MId=o090040130121|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090040130131;|Type=qatal 15-16 לִבּוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=1SA_4:13!13|MId=o090040130131|Strong=3820 16 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_4:13!13|MId=o090040130132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17 חָרֵ֔ד חָרֵד ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=trembling|Ref=1SA_4:13!14|MId=o090040130141|Strong=2730|Type=adjective 18 עַ֖ל עַל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_4:13!15|MId=o090040130151|Strong=5921 19 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=1SA_4:13!16|MId=o090040130161|Strong=0727 20-21 הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1SA_4:13!17|MId=o090040130171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_4:13!17|MId=o090040130172|Strong=0430 22-24 וְהָאִ֗ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:13!18|MId=o090040130181|Strong=2050b 23 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_4:13!18|MId=o090040130182|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 אִ֗ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=1SA_4:13!18|MId=o090040130183|Strong=0376 25 בָּ֚א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=1SA_4:13!19|MId=o090040130191|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090040130183;|Type=qatal 26-27 לְהַגִּ֣יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_4:13!20|MId=o090040130201|Strong=3807a 27 הַגִּ֣יד נָגַד VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 25 advcl _ Gloss=tell|Ref=1SA_4:13!20|MId=o090040130202|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:090040130183;|Type=infinitive_construct 28-30 בָּעִ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_4:13!21|MId=o090040130211|Strong=0871a 29 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_4:13!21|MId=o090040130211ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 עִ֔יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1SA_4:13!21|MId=o090040130212|Strong=5892 31-32 וַתִּזְעַ֖ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:13!22|MId=o090040130221|Strong=2050b 32 תִּזְעַ֖ק זָעַק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.cried.out|Ref=1SA_4:13!22|MId=o090040130222|Strong=2199|Frame=A0:090040130242;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_4:13!23|MId=o090040130231|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 34-35 הָעִֽיר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_4:13!24|MId=o090040130241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 עִֽיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=city|Ref=1SA_4:13!24|MId=o090040130242|Strong=5892 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=1SA_4:13!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבוֹא *he came* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹשֵׁב *\[was\] sitting* | participle active · qal | עֵלִי *Eli* | | | | | מְצַפֶּה *watching* | participle active · piel | עֵלִי *Eli* | | | | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | לִבּ *heart* | | | | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | הַגִּיד *tell* | infinitive construct · hiphil | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | תִּזְעַק *it cried out* | wayyiqtol · qal | עִֽיר *city* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתָא וְהָא עֵלִי יָתֵיב עַל כּוּרְסַיָא עַל כְּבַשׁ אוֹרַח תַּרְעָא מְסָכֵי אֲרֵי הֲוָה לִבֵּיהּ תְּבִיר עַל אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וְגַבְרָא אָתָא לְחַוָאָה לְקַרְתָּא וְאִשְׁתְּגִישַׁת כָּל קַרְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when he came, lo, Eli sat upon his seat by the wayside watching; for his heart trembled for the ark of God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.109/) 2. [And when the man came into the city, and told it, all the city cried out.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.110/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:97`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 4:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.12/) - next →: [1 Samuel 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.14/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/)