--- title: 1 Samuel 4:20 — And about the time of her death the women that stood by her said unt… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And about the time of her death the women that stood by her said unto her: 'Fear not; for thou hast brought forth a son.' But she answered not, neither did she regard it. Who acts: women, thou, child. 1 Samuel 4:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/) / 4:20 # 1 Samuel 4:20 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** women, thou, child · **What happens:** stand, say, not fear, bring, not answer, regard · **To what, where:** son, death · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 4:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — women, thou, child — and what happens in the verse to son, death, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּכְעֵ֣ת מוּתָ֗הּ וַתְּדַבֵּ֙רְנָה֙ הַנִּצָּב֣וֹת עָלֶ֔יהָ אַל־תִּֽירְאִ֖י כִּ֣י בֵ֣ן יָלָ֑דְתְּ וְלֹ֥א עָנְתָ֖ה וְלֹא־שָׁ֥תָה לִבָּֽהּ׃ [And about the time of her death the women that stood by her said unto her: 'Fear not; for thou hast brought forth a son.' But she answered not, neither did she regard it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.118/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:104 # text = וּכְעֵ֣ת מוּתָ֗הּ וַתְּדַבֵּ֙רְנָה֙ הַנִּצָּב֣וֹת עָלֶ֔יהָ אַל־תִּֽירְאִ֖י כִּ֣י בֵ֣ן יָלָ֑דְתְּ וְלֹ֥א עָנְתָ֖ה וְלֹא־שָׁ֥תָה לִבָּֽהּ׃ # verse = 1SA.4.20 1-3 וּכְעֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:20!1|MId=o090040200011|Strong=2050b 2 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=about|Ref=1SA_4:20!1|MId=o090040200012|Strong=3509a 3 עֵ֣ת עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=the.time|Ref=1SA_4:20!1|MId=o090040200013|Strong=6256 4-5 מוּתָ֗הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מוּת מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 acl _ Gloss=died|Ref=1SA_4:20!2|MId=o090040200021|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:090040200022;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 ָ֗הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=she|Ref=1SA_4:20!2|MId=o090040200022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 6-7 וַתְּדַבֵּ֙רְנָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:20!3|MId=o090040200031|Strong=2050b 7 תְּדַבֵּ֙רְנָה֙ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.spoke|Ref=1SA_4:20!3|MId=o090040200032|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:090040200042;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 הַנִּצָּב֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=1SA_4:20!4|MId=o090040200041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 נִּצָּב֣וֹת נָצַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=who.were].standing|Ref=1SA_4:20!4|MId=o090040200042|Strong=5324|Type=participle_active 10-11 עָלֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 עָלֶ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=1SA_4:20!5|MId=o090040200051|Strong=5921 11 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=1SA_4:20!5|MId=o090040200052|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 12 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=1SA_4:20!6|MId=o090040200061|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13 תִּֽירְאִ֖י יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 ccomp _ Gloss=be.afraid|Ref=1SA_4:20!7|MId=o090040200071|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:090040190012;|Type=jussive 14 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_4:20!8|MId=o090040200081|Strong=3588 15 בֵ֣ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=a.son|Ref=1SA_4:20!9|MId=o090040200091|Strong=1121 16 יָלָ֑דְתְּ יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 advcl _ Gloss=you.have.borne|Ref=1SA_4:20!10|MId=o090040200101|Strong=3205|Frame=A0:090040190012;A1:090040200091;|Type=qatal 17-18 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:20!11|MId=o090040200111|Strong=2050b 18 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_4:20!11|MId=o090040200112|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 עָנְתָ֖ה עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=she.answered|Ref=1SA_4:20!12|MId=o090040200121|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:090040190012;|Type=qatal 20-21 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:20!13|MId=o090040200131|Strong=2050b 21 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_4:20!13|MId=o090040200132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22 שָׁ֥תָה שִׁית VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=she.set|Ref=1SA_4:20!14|MId=o090040200141|Strong=7896|Frame=A0:090040190012;A1:090040200151;|Type=qatal 23-24 לִבָּֽהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=1SA_4:20!15|MId=o090040200151|Strong=3820 24 ָֽהּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=1SA_4:20!15|MId=o090040200152|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=1SA_4:20!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מוּת *died* | infinitive construct · qal | ָהּ *she* | | | | | תְּדַבֵּרְנָה *they spoke* | wayyiqtol · piel | נִּצָּבוֹת *who were\] standing* | | | | | **not** תִּֽירְאִי *be afraid* | jussive · qal | | | | | | יָלָדְתְּ *you have borne* | qatal · qal | | בֵן *a son* | | | | **not** עָנְתָה *she answered* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** שָׁתָה *she set* | qatal · qal | | לִבּ *heart* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעִידַן מוּתָה וּמַלִילוּ נְשַׁיָא דְקַיְמָן עִלַוָה לָא תִדְחֲלִין אֲרֵי בַּר דְכַר יְלִידַת וְלָא אֲתִיבַת וְלָא שַׁוִיאַת עַל לִבָּהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And about the time of her death the women that stood by her said unto her: 'Fear not; for thou hast brought forth a son.' But she answered not, neither did she regard it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.118/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:104`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 4:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.19/) - next →: [1 Samuel 4:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.21/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/)