--- title: 1 Samuel 4:7 — And the Philistines were afraid, for they said: 'God is come into th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the Philistines were afraid, for they said: 'God is come into the camp.' And they said: 'Woe unto us! for there was not such a thing yesterday and the day before. Who acts: Philistines, God, thing. 1 Samuel 4:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/) / 4:7 # 1 Samuel 4:7 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Philistines, God, thing · **What happens:** be, say, come, not be · **To what, where:** camp · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 4:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines, God, thing — and what happens in the verse to camp, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּֽרְאוּ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֣י אָמְר֔וּ בָּ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיֹּאמְרוּ֙ א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ כִּ֣י לֹ֥א הָיְתָ֛ה כָּזֹ֖את אֶתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ [And the Philistines were afraid, for they said: 'God is come into the camp.' And they said: 'Woe unto us! for there was not such a thing yesterday and the day before.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.103/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:91 # text = וַיִּֽרְאוּ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֣י אָמְר֔וּ בָּ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיֹּאמְרוּ֙ א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ כִּ֣י לֹ֥א הָיְתָ֛ה כָּזֹ֖את אֶתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ # verse = 1SA.4.7 1-2 וַיִּֽרְאוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:7!1|MId=o090040070011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּֽרְאוּ֙ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.were.afraid|Ref=1SA_4:7!1|MId=o090040070012|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:090040070022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_4:7!2|MId=o090040070021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Philistines|Ref=1SA_4:7!2|MId=o090040070022|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 5 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_4:7!3|MId=o090040070031|Strong=3588 6 אָמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=1SA_4:7!4|MId=o090040070041|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090040070022;|Type=qatal 7 בָּ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 ccomp _ Gloss=he.has.come|Ref=1SA_4:7!5|MId=o090040070051|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:090040070061;|Type=qatal 8 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=a.god|Ref=1SA_4:7!6|MId=o090040070061|Strong=0430 9 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=1SA_4:7!7|MId=o090040070071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_4:7!8|MId=o090040070081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=camp|Ref=1SA_4:7!8|MId=o090040070082|Strong=4264 12-13 וַיֹּאמְרוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_4:7!9|MId=o090040070091|Strong=2050b 13 יֹּאמְרוּ֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=1SA_4:7!9|MId=o090040070092|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090040070022;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 א֣וֹי אוֹי INTJ _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=woe!|Ref=1SA_4:7!10|MId=o090040070101|Strong=0188|Type=interjection 15-16 לָ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_4:7!11|MId=o090040070111|Strong=3807a 16 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 ccomp _ Gloss=us|Ref=1SA_4:7!11|MId=o090040070112|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 17 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_4:7!12|MId=o090040070121|Strong=3588 18 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_4:7!13|MId=o090040070131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 הָיְתָ֛ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 advcl _ Gloss=it.has.been|Ref=1SA_4:7!14|MId=o090040070141|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090040070152;|Type=qatal 20-21 כָּזֹ֖את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 כָּ כְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=1SA_4:7!15|MId=o090040070151|Strong=3509a 21 זֹ֖את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_4:7!15|MId=o090040070152|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 22 אֶתְמ֥וֹל אֶתְמוֹל ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 advmod _ Gloss=yesterday|Ref=1SA_4:7!16|MId=o090040070161|Strong=0865 23 שִׁלְשֹֽׁם שִׁלְשֹׁום ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 advmod _ Gloss=three.days.ago|Ref=1SA_4:7!17|MId=o090040070171|Strong=8032|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1SA_4:7!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּֽרְאוּ *they were afraid* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | | אָמְרוּ *they said* | qatal · qal | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | | בָּא *he has come* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *a god* | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | | **not** הָיְתָה *it has been* | qatal · qal | זֹאת *this* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּדְחִילוּ פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי אֲרֵי אֲמַרוּ אֲתָא אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא וַאֲמַרוּ וַי לָנָא אֲרֵי לָא הֲוַת כַּהֲדָא מֵאִיתְמְלֵי וּמִדְקָדָמוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the Philistines were afraid, for they said: 'God is come into the camp.' And they said: 'Woe unto us! for there was not such a thing yesterday and the day before.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.103/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:91`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 4:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.6/) - next →: [1 Samuel 4:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.4.8/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/4/)