--- title: 1 Samuel 5:4 — And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was f… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands lay cut off upon the threshold; only the trunk of Dagon was left to him. Who acts: Philistines, head. 1 Samuel 5:4 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.5.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/5/) / 5:4 # 1 Samuel 5:4 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Philistines, head · **What happens:** arise, fall, lie, cut off, leave · **To what, where:** Dagon, trunk This is 1 Samuel 5:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines, head — and what happens in the verse to Dagon, trunk, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּקֶר֮ מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה דָג֗וֹן נֹפֵ֤ל לְפָנָיו֙ אַ֔רְצָה לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה וְרֹ֨אשׁ דָּג֜וֹן וּשְׁתֵּ֣י ׀ כַּפּ֣וֹת יָדָ֗יו כְּרֻתוֹת֙ אֶל־הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן רַ֥ק דָּג֖וֹן נִשְׁאַ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃ [And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands lay cut off upon the threshold; only the trunk of Dagon was left to him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.125/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:110 # text = וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּקֶר֮ מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה דָג֗וֹן נֹפֵ֤ל לְפָנָיו֙ אַ֔רְצָה לִפְנֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה וְרֹ֨אשׁ דָּג֜וֹן וּשְׁתֵּ֣י ׀ כַּפּ֣וֹת יָדָ֗יו כְּרֻתוֹת֙ אֶל־הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן רַ֥ק דָּג֖וֹן נִשְׁאַ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃ # verse = 1SA.5.4 1-2 וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_5:4!1|MId=o090050040011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ שָׁכַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.rose.early|Ref=1SA_5:4!1|MId=o090050040012|Strong=7925|Frame=A0:090050030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַבֹּקֶר֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_5:4!2|MId=o090050040021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_5:4!2|MId=o090050040021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 בֹּקֶר֮ בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=1SA_5:4!2|MId=o090050040022|Strong=1242 6-7 מִֽמָּחֳרָת֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִֽ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=1SA_5:4!3|MId=o090050040031|Strong=4480 7 מָּחֳרָת֒ מׇחֳרָת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=next.day|Ref=1SA_5:4!3|MId=o090050040032|Strong=4283 8-9 וְהִנֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_5:4!4|MId=o090050040041|Strong=2050b 9 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 11 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1SA_5:4!4|MId=o090050040042|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 10 דָג֗וֹן דָּגוֹן PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Dagon|Ref=1SA_5:4!5|MId=o090050040051|Strong=1712 11 נֹפֵ֤ל נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].lying|Ref=1SA_5:4!6|MId=o090050040061|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:090050040051;|Type=participle_active 12-14 לְפָנָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_5:4!7|MId=o090050040071|Strong=3807a 13 פָנָי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=1SA_5:4!7|MId=o090050040072|Strong=6440 14 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=1SA_5:4!7|MId=o090050040073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 אַ֔רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אַ֔רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=1SA_5:4!8|MId=o090050040081|Strong=0776 16 ָה ה X _ _ 15 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=1SA_5:4!8|MId=o090050040082|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 17-18 לִפְנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_5:4!9|MId=o090050040091|Strong=3807a 18 פְנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_5:4!9|MId=o090050040092|Strong=6440 19 אֲר֣וֹן אֲרוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ark|Ref=1SA_5:4!10|MId=o090050040101|Strong=0727 20 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1SA_5:4!11|MId=o090050040111|Strong=3068 21-22 וְרֹ֨אשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_5:4!12|MId=o090050040121|Strong=2050b 22 רֹ֨אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=the.head|Ref=1SA_5:4!12|MId=o090050040122|Strong=7218 23 דָּג֜וֹן דָּגוֹן PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Dagon|Ref=1SA_5:4!13|MId=o090050040131|Strong=1712 24-25 וּשְׁתֵּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_5:4!14|MId=o090050040141|Strong=2050b 25 שְׁתֵּ֣י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 27 nummod _ Gloss=the.two|Ref=1SA_5:4!14|MId=o090050040142|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 26 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1SA_5:4!14 27 כַּפּ֣וֹת כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=the.palms|Ref=1SA_5:4!15|MId=o090050040151|Strong=3709 28-29 יָדָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 יָדָ֗י יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=its.hands|Ref=1SA_5:4!16|MId=o090050040161|Strong=3027 29 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_5:4!16|MId=o090050040162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30 כְּרֻתוֹת֙ כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[were].cut.off|Ref=1SA_5:4!17|MId=o090050040171|Strong=3772|Frame=A1:090050040122;090050040151;|Type=participle_passive 31 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_5:4!18|MId=o090050040181|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 32-33 הַמִּפְתָּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_5:4!19|MId=o090050040191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מִּפְתָּ֔ן מִפְתָּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=threshold|Ref=1SA_5:4!19|MId=o090050040192|Strong=4670 34 רַ֥ק רַק ADV _ _ 35 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=1SA_5:4!20|MId=o090050040201|Strong=7535|Type=affirmation 35 דָּג֖וֹן דָּגוֹן PROPN _ _ 36 nsubj _ Gloss=Dagon|Ref=1SA_5:4!21|MId=o090050040211|Strong=1712 36 נִשְׁאַ֥ר שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.remained|Ref=1SA_5:4!22|MId=o090050040221|Strong=7604|Frame=A1:090050040211;|Type=qatal 37-38 עָלָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 עָלָֽי עַל ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_5:4!23|MId=o090050040231|Strong=5921 38 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1SA_5:4!23|MId=o090050040232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=1SA_5:4!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּשְׁכִּמוּ *they rose early* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | נֹפֵל *\[was\] lying* | participle active · qal | דָגוֹן *Dagon* | | | | | כְּרֻתוֹת *\[were\] cut off* | participle passive · qal | | רֹאשׁ *the head* + כַּפּוֹת *the palms* | | | | נִשְׁאַר *it remained* | qatal · niphal | | דָּגוֹן *Dagon* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַקְדִימוּ בְצַפְרָא בְּיוֹמָא דְבַתְרוֹהִי וְהָא דָגוֹן רָמֵי עַל אַפּוֹהִי עַל אַרְעָא קֳדָם אֲרוֹנָא דַייָ וְרֵישׁ דָגוֹן וְתַרְתֵּין פִּיסַת יְדוֹהִי קְצִיצָן מַחְתָא עַל סְקוּפְתָּא לְחוֹד גוּפֵיהּ אִשְׁתָּאַר עֲלוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when they arose early on the morrow morning, behold, Dagon was fallen upon his face to the ground before the ark of the LORD; and the head of Dagon and both the palms of his hands lay cut off upon the threshold; only the trunk of Dagon was left to him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.125/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:110`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 5:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.5.3/) - next →: [1 Samuel 5:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.5.5/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/5/)