--- title: 1 Samuel 6:12 — And the kine took the straight way by the way to Beth-shemesh; they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the kine took the straight way by the way to Beth-shemesh; they went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Beth-shemesh. Who acts: kine, men, lords. 1 Samuel 6:12 in Hebre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/6/) / 6:12 # 1 Samuel 6:12 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** kine, men, lords · **What happens:** take, go, low, not turn · **To what, where:** straight way, highway, right hand This is 1 Samuel 6:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — kine, men, lords — and what happens in the verse to straight way, highway, right hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִשַּׁ֨רְנָההַפָּר֜וֹת בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ עַל־דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ בִּמְסִלָּ֣ה אַחַ֗ת הָלְכ֤וּ הָלֹךְ֙ וְגָע֔וֹ וְלֹא־סָ֖רוּ יָמִ֣ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול וְסַרְנֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ הֹלְכִ֣ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם עַד־גְּב֖וּל בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁמֶשׁ בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ [And the kine took the straight way by the way to Beth-shemesh; they went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Beth-shemesh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.146/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:130 # text = וַיִשַּׁ֨רְנָההַפָּר֜וֹת בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ עַל־דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ בִּמְסִלָּ֣ה אַחַ֗ת הָלְכ֤וּ הָלֹךְ֙ וְגָע֔וֹ וְלֹא־סָ֖רוּ יָמִ֣ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול וְסַרְנֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ הֹלְכִ֣ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם עַד־גְּב֖וּל בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁמֶשׁ בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ # verse = 1SA.6.12 1-4 וַיִשַּׁ֨רְנָההַפָּר֜וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_6:12!1|MId=o090060120011|Strong=2050b 2 יִשַּׁ֨רְנָה יָשַׁר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.were.straight|Ref=1SA_6:12!1|MId=o090060120012|Strong=3474|Frame=A0:090060120022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_6:12!2|MId=o090060120021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 פָּר֜וֹת פָּרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=cows|Ref=1SA_6:12!2|MId=o090060120022|Strong=6510 5-7 בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_6:12!3|MId=o090060120031|Strong=0871a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_6:12!3|MId=o090060120031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 דֶּ֗רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=road|Ref=1SA_6:12!3|MId=o090060120032|Strong=1870 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_6:12!4|MId=o090060120041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9 דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.road|Ref=1SA_6:12!5|MId=o090060120051|Strong=1870 10 בֵּ֣ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_6:12!6|MId=o090060120061 11 שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 10 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_6:12!6 12 בֵּ֣ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Beth.Shemesh|Ref=1SA_6:12!7|MId=o090060120071 13 שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 12 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_6:12!7 14-15 בִּמְסִלָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_6:12!8|MId=o090060120081|Strong=0871a 15 מְסִלָּ֣ה מְסִלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=a.highway|Ref=1SA_6:12!8|MId=o090060120082|Strong=4546 16 אַחַ֗ת אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=1SA_6:12!9|MId=o090060120091|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 17 הָלְכ֤וּ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=1SA_6:12!10|MId=o090060120101|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090060120022;|Type=qatal 18 הָלֹךְ֙ הָלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 advmod _ Gloss=going|Ref=1SA_6:12!11|MId=o090060120111|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090060120022;|Type=infinitive_absolute 19-20 וְגָע֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_6:12!12|MId=o090060120121|Strong=2050b 20 גָע֔וֹ גָּעָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 conj _ Gloss=lowing|Ref=1SA_6:12!12|MId=o090060120122|Strong=1600|Frame=A0:090060120022;|Type=infinitive_absolute 21-22 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_6:12!13|MId=o090060120131|Strong=2050b 22 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_6:12!13|MId=o090060120132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 23 סָ֖רוּ סוּר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.turned.aside|Ref=1SA_6:12!14|MId=o090060120141|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:090060120022;|Type=qatal 24 יָמִ֣ין יָמִין NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=right.hand|Ref=1SA_6:12!15|MId=o090060120151|Strong=3225 25-26 וּשְׂמֹ֑אול _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_6:12!16|MId=o090060120161|Strong=2050b 26 שְׂמֹ֑אול שְׂמֹאל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=left.hand|Ref=1SA_6:12!16|MId=o090060120162|Strong=8040 27-28 וְסַרְנֵ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_6:12!17|MId=o090060120171|Strong=2050b 28 סַרְנֵ֤י סֶרֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ Gloss=the.rulers|Ref=1SA_6:12!17|MId=o090060120172|Strong=5633 29 פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_6:12!18|MId=o090060120181|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 30 הֹלְכִ֣ים הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[were].going|Ref=1SA_6:12!19|MId=o090060120191|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090060120162;|Type=participle_active 31-32 אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=1SA_6:12!20|MId=o090060120201|Strong=0310 32 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_6:12!20|MId=o090060120202|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_6:12!21|MId=o090060120211|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 34 גְּב֖וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=the.border|Ref=1SA_6:12!22|MId=o090060120221|Strong=1366 35 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_6:12!23|MId=o090060120231 36 שָֽׁמֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 35 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_6:12!23 37 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Beth.Shemesh|Ref=1SA_6:12!24|MId=o090060120241 38 שָֽׁמֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ PROPN _ _ 37 flat:name _ Ref=1SA_6:12!24|SpaceAfter=No 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=1SA_6:12!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִשַּׁרְנָה *they were straight* | wayyiqtol · qal | פָּרוֹת *cows* | | | | | הָלְכוּ *they went* | qatal · qal | פָּרוֹת *cows* | | | | | הָלֹךְ *going* | infinitive absolute · qal | פָּרוֹת *cows* | | | | | גָעוֹ *lowing* | infinitive absolute · qal | פָּרוֹת *cows* | | | | | **not** סָרוּ *they turned aside* | qatal · qal | פָּרוֹת *cows* | | | | | הֹלְכִים *\[were\] going* | participle active · qal | שְׂמֹאול *left hand* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַכְוֵינָא תּוֹרָתָא בְּאָרְחָא עַל אוֹרַח בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ בִּכְבִישָׁא חֲדָא אָזְלִין מֵיזַל וְנָעַיָן וְלָא סְטָאָה לְיַמִינָא וְלִסְמְאָלָא וְטוּרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אָזְלִין בַּתְרֵיהוֹן עַד תְּחוּם בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the kine took the straight way by the way to Beth-shemesh; they went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; and the lords of the Philistines went after them unto the border of Beth-shemesh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.146/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:130`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 6:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.11/) - next →: [1 Samuel 6:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.6.13/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/6/)