--- title: 1 Samuel 7:10 — And as Samuel was offering up the burnt-offering, the Philistines dr… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And as Samuel was offering up the burnt-offering, the Philistines drew near to battle against Israel; but the LORD thundered with a great thunder on that day upon the Philistines, and discomfited them; and they were smitten down before Israel. Who acts: Samuel, Philistines, LORD. 1 Samuel 7:10 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.7.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/7/) / 7:10 # 1 Samuel 7:10 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Samuel, Philistines, LORD · **What happens:** offer up, burn, draw, battle, thunder, discomfit · **To what, where:** burnt offering, Philistines This is 1 Samuel 7:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Samuel, Philistines, LORD — and what happens in the verse to burnt offering, Philistines, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֤י שְׁמוּאֵל֙ מַעֲלֶ֣ה הָעוֹלָ֔ה וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים נִגְּשׁ֔וּ לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֣ה ׀ בְּקוֹל־גָּ֠דוֹל בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֤וּא עַל־פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ וַיְהֻמֵּ֔ם וַיִּנָּגְפ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [And as Samuel was offering up the burnt-offering, the Philistines drew near to battle against Israel; but the LORD thundered with a great thunder on that day upon the Philistines, and discomfited them; and they were smitten down before Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.166/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:149 # text = וַיְהִ֤י שְׁמוּאֵל֙ מַעֲלֶ֣ה הָעוֹלָ֔ה וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים נִגְּשׁ֔וּ לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֣ה ׀ בְּקוֹל־גָּ֠דוֹל בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֤וּא עַל־פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ וַיְהֻמֵּ֔ם וַיִּנָּגְפ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = 1SA.7.10 1-2 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_7:10!1|MId=o090070100011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=1SA_7:10!1|MId=o090070100012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שְׁמוּאֵל֙ שְׁמוּאֵל PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Samuel|Ref=1SA_7:10!2|MId=o090070100021|Strong=8050 4 מַעֲלֶ֣ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=offering.up|Ref=1SA_7:10!3|MId=o090070100031|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:090070100021;A0:090070100042;|Type=participle_active 5-6 הָעוֹלָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the.burnt|Ref=1SA_7:10!4|MId=o090070100041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 עוֹלָ֔ה עֹלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=offering|Ref=1SA_7:10!4|MId=o090070100042|Strong=5930 7-8 וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=1SA_7:10!5|MId=o090070100051|Strong=2050b 8 פְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Philistines|Ref=1SA_7:10!5|MId=o090070100052|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 9 נִגְּשׁ֔וּ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.drew.near|Ref=1SA_7:10!6|MId=o090070100061|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:090070100052;|Type=qatal 10-12 לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_7:10!7|MId=o090070100071|Strong=3807a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_7:10!7|MId=o090070100071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=1SA_7:10!7|MId=o090070100072|Strong=4421 13-14 בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_7:10!8|MId=o090070100081|Strong=0871a 14 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_7:10!8|MId=o090070100082|Strong=3478 15-16 וַיַּרְעֵ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_7:10!9|MId=o090070100091|Strong=2050b 16 יַּרְעֵ֣ם רָעַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.thundered|Ref=1SA_7:10!9|MId=o090070100092|Strong=7481|Frame=A0:090070100101;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1SA_7:10!10|MId=o090070100101|Strong=3068 18 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=1SA_7:10!10 19-20 בְּקוֹל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1SA_7:10!11|MId=o090070100111|Strong=0871a 20 קוֹל־ קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=a.sound|Ref=1SA_7:10!11|MId=o090070100112|Strong=6963 21 גָּ֠דוֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=1SA_7:10!12|MId=o090070100121|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 22-24 בַּיּ֨וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_7:10!13|MId=o090070100131|Strong=0871a 23 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_7:10!13|MId=o090070100131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 יּ֨וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_7:10!13|MId=o090070100132|Strong=3117 25-26 הַה֤וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_7:10!14|MId=o090070100141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=1SA_7:10!14|MId=o090070100142|Strong=1931|Type=personal 27 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1SA_7:10!15|MId=o090070100151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 28 פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=1SA_7:10!16|MId=o090070100161|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 29-31 וַיְהֻמֵּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_7:10!17|MId=o090070100171|Strong=2050b 30 יְהֻמּ הָמַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_7:10!17|MId=o090070100172|Strong=2000|Frame=A0:090070100101;A1:090070100173;|Type=wayyiqtol 31 ֵ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=confused.them|Ref=1SA_7:10!17|MId=o090070100173|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32-33 וַיִּנָּגְפ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_7:10!18|MId=o090070100181|Strong=2050b 33 יִּנָּגְפ֖וּ נָגַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.were.defeated|Ref=1SA_7:10!18|MId=o090070100182|Strong=5062|Frame=A1:090070100161;|Type=wayyiqtol 34-35 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=1SA_7:10!19|MId=o090070100191|Strong=3807a 35 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 33 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_7:10!19|MId=o090070100192|Strong=6440 36 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_7:10!20|MId=o090070100201|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=1SA_7:10!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַעֲלֶה *offering up* | participle active · hiphil | עוֹלָה *offering* | | | שְׁמוּאֵל *Samuel* | | נִגְּשׁוּ *they drew near* | qatal · niphal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *Philistines* | | | | | יַּרְעֵם *he thundered* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יְהֻמּ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ֵם *confused them* | | | | יִּנָּגְפוּ *they were defeated* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה שְׁמוּאֵל מַסִיק עֲלָתָא וּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אִתְקְרָבוּ לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַכְלִי יְיָ בְּקַל רַב בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא עַל פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְשַׁגֵישִׁינוּן וְאִתַּבָּרוּ קֳדָם יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And as Samuel was offering up the burnt-offering, the Philistines drew near to battle against Israel; but the LORD thundered with a great thunder on that day upon the Philistines, and discomfited them; and they were smitten down before Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.166/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:149`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 7:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.7.9/) - next →: [1 Samuel 7:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.7.11/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/7/)