--- title: 1 Samuel 8:12 — And he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and cap… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots. Who acts: king. 1 Samuel 8:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/8/) / 8:12 # 1 Samuel 8:12 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** king · **What happens:** appoint, plow, reap, make · **To what, where:** sons, ground, harvest, instruments This is 1 Samuel 8:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to sons, ground, harvest, instruments, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלָשׂ֣וּם ל֔וֹ שָׂרֵ֥י אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ חֲרִישׁוֹ֙ וְלִקְצֹ֣ר קְצִיר֔וֹ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת כְּלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ וּכְלֵ֥י רִכְבּֽוֹ׃ [And he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.186/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:168 # text = וְלָשׂ֣וּם ל֔וֹ שָׂרֵ֥י אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ חֲרִישׁוֹ֙ וְלִקְצֹ֣ר קְצִיר֔וֹ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת כְּלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ וּכְלֵ֥י רִכְבּֽוֹ׃ # verse = 1SA.8.12 1-3 וְלָשׂ֣וּם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:12!1|MId=o090080120011|Strong=2050b 2 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_8:12!1|MId=o090080120012|Strong=3807a 3 שׂ֣וּם שׂים VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=appoint.[them]|Ref=1SA_8:12!1|MId=o090080120013|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:090080110052;A1:090080120031;090080120052;|Type=infinitive_construct 4-5 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 ל לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_8:12!2|MId=o090080120021|Strong=3807a 5 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=himself|Ref=1SA_8:12!2|MId=o090080120022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6 שָׂרֵ֥י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=commanders|Ref=1SA_8:12!3|MId=o090080120031|Strong=8269 7 אֲלָפִ֖ים אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.thousands|Ref=1SA_8:12!4|MId=o090080120041|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 8-9 וְשָׂרֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:12!5|MId=o090080120051|Strong=2050b 9 שָׂרֵ֣י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 conj _ Gloss=commanders|Ref=1SA_8:12!5|MId=o090080120052|Strong=8269 10 חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.fifties|Ref=1SA_8:12!6|MId=o090080120061|Strong=2572|Type=cardinal_number 11-13 וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:12!7|MId=o090080120071|Strong=2050b 12 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_8:12!7|MId=o090080120072|Strong=3807a 13 חֲרֹ֤שׁ חָרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 conj _ Gloss=plow|Ref=1SA_8:12!7|MId=o090080120073|Strong=2790|Frame=A0:090080110101;A1:090080120081;|Type=infinitive_construct 14-15 חֲרִישׁוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 חֲרִישׁ חָרִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=plowing|Ref=1SA_8:12!8|MId=o090080120081|Strong=2758 15 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_8:12!8|MId=o090080120082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-18 וְלִקְצֹ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:12!9|MId=o090080120091|Strong=2050b 17 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_8:12!9|MId=o090080120092|Strong=3807a 18 קְצֹ֣ר קָצַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 conj _ Gloss=harvest|Ref=1SA_8:12!9|MId=o090080120093|Strong=7114|Frame=A0:090080110101;A1:090080120101;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 קְצִיר֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 קְצִיר קָצִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=harvest|Ref=1SA_8:12!10|MId=o090080120101|Strong=7105 20 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_8:12!10|MId=o090080120102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21-23 וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:12!11|MId=o090080120111|Strong=2050b 22 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_8:12!11|MId=o090080120112|Strong=3807a 23 עֲשׂ֥וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 conj _ Gloss=make|Ref=1SA_8:12!11|MId=o090080120113|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090080110101;A1:090080120121;090080120142;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 כְּלֵֽי־ כְּלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 obj _ Gloss=the.weapons|Ref=1SA_8:12!12|MId=o090080120121|Strong=3627|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מִלְחַמְתּ מִלְחֶמֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.warfare|Ref=1SA_8:12!13|MId=o090080120131|Strong=4421 26 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_8:12!13|MId=o090080120132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-28 וּכְלֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:12!14|MId=o090080120141|Strong=2050b 28 כְלֵ֥י כְּלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 conj _ Gloss=the.equipment(s)|Ref=1SA_8:12!14|MId=o090080120142|Strong=3627 29-30 רִכְבּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 רִכְבּ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.chariotry|Ref=1SA_8:12!15|MId=o090080120151|Strong=7393 30 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_8:12!15|MId=o090080120152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1SA_8:12!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שׂוּם *appoint \[them\]* | infinitive construct · qal | | שָׂרֵי *commanders* + שָׂרֵי *commanders* | | | | חֲרֹשׁ *plow* | infinitive construct · qal | | חֲרִישׁ *plowing* | | | | קְצֹר *harvest* | infinitive construct · qal | | קְצִיר *harvest* | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *make* | infinitive construct · qal | | כְּלֵֽי־ *the weapons* + כְלֵי *the equipment(s)* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּלְמַנָאָה לֵיהּ רַבָּנֵי אַלְפִין וְרַבָּנֵי חַמְשִׁין וְאִכָּרַיָא לְמִיגַר נִירֵיהּ וּלְמֶחְצַד חַצְדֵיהּ וְאוּמְנַיָא לְמֶעְבַּד מָאנֵי קְרָבֵיהּ וּמָאנֵי רְתִיכוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.186/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:168`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 8:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.11/) - next →: [1 Samuel 8:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.13/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/8/)