--- title: 1 Samuel 8:16 — And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work. Who acts: king. 1 Samuel 8:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/8/) / 8:16 # 1 Samuel 8:16 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** king · **What happens:** take, put, work · **To what, where:** men servants, servants This is 1 Samuel 8:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to men servants, servants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֶת־עַבְדֵיכֶם֩ וְֽאֶת־שִׁפְח֨וֹתֵיכֶ֜ם וְאֶת־בַּחוּרֵיכֶ֧ם הַטּוֹבִ֛ים וְאֶת־חֲמוֹרֵיכֶ֖ם יִקָּ֑ח וְעָשָׂ֖ה לִמְלַאכְתּֽוֹ׃ [And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.190/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:172 # text = וְאֶת־עַבְדֵיכֶם֩ וְֽאֶת־שִׁפְח֨וֹתֵיכֶ֜ם וְאֶת־בַּחוּרֵיכֶ֧ם הַטּוֹבִ֛ים וְאֶת־חֲמוֹרֵיכֶ֖ם יִקָּ֑ח וְעָשָׂ֖ה לִמְלַאכְתּֽוֹ׃ # verse = 1SA.8.16 1-2 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:16!1|MId=o090080160011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_8:16!1|MId=o090080160012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3-4 עַבְדֵיכֶם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עַבְדֵי עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1SA_8:16!2|MId=o090080160021|Strong=5650 4 כֶם֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.[male]|Ref=1SA_8:16!2|MId=o090080160022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5-6 וְֽאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:16!3|MId=o090080160031|Strong=2050b 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_8:16!3|MId=o090080160032|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7-8 שִׁפְח֨וֹתֵיכֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 שִׁפְח֨וֹתֵי שִׁפְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1SA_8:16!4|MId=o090080160041|Strong=8198 8 כֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.female|Ref=1SA_8:16!4|MId=o090080160042|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9-10 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:16!5|MId=o090080160051|Strong=2050b 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_8:16!5|MId=o090080160052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 11-12 בַּחוּרֵיכֶ֧ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּחוּרֵי בָּחוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=men|Ref=1SA_8:16!6|MId=o090080160061|Strong=0970 12 כֶ֧ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.young|Ref=1SA_8:16!6|MId=o090080160062|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 13-14 הַטּוֹבִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_8:16!7|MId=o090080160071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 טּוֹבִ֛ים טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=1SA_8:16!7|MId=o090080160072|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 15-16 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:16!8|MId=o090080160081|Strong=2050b 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1SA_8:16!8|MId=o090080160082|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17-18 חֲמוֹרֵיכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 חֲמוֹרֵי חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=donkeys|Ref=1SA_8:16!9|MId=o090080160091|Strong=2543 18 כֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1SA_8:16!9|MId=o090080160092|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 19 יִקָּ֑ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.take|Ref=1SA_8:16!10|MId=o090080160101|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:090080110052;A1:090080160021;090080160041;090080160061;090080160091;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 וְעָשָׂ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:16!11|MId=o090080160111|Strong=2050b 21 עָשָׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 conj _ Gloss=he.will.use.[them]|Ref=1SA_8:16!11|MId=o090080160112|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090080110052;A1:090080160021;090080160041;090080160061;090080160091;|Type=weqatal 22-24 לִמְלַאכְתּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1SA_8:16!12|MId=o090080160121|Strong=3807a 23 מְלַאכְתּ מְלֶאכֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=work|Ref=1SA_8:16!12|MId=o090080160122|Strong=4399 24 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_8:16!12|MId=o090080160123|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=1SA_8:16!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִקָּח *he will take* | yiqtol · qal | | עַבְדֵי *servants* + שִׁפְחוֹתֵי *servants* + בַּחוּרֵי *men* + חֲמוֹרֵי *donkeys* | | | | עָשָׂה *he will use \[them\]* | weqatal · qal | | עַבְדֵי *servants* + שִׁפְחוֹתֵי *servants* + בַּחוּרֵי *men* + חֲמוֹרֵי *donkeys* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיַת עַבְדֵיכוֹן וְיַת אַמְהַתְכוֹן וְיַת עוּלֵימְכוֹן שַׁפִּירַיָא וְיַת חֲמָרֵיכוֹן יְדַבֵּר לְמֶהֱוֵי עָבְדִין עֲבִידְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he will take your men-servants, and your maid-servants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.190/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:172`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 8:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.15/) - next →: [1 Samuel 8:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.17/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/8/)