--- title: 1 Samuel 8:8 — According to all the works which they have done since the day that I… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt even unto this day, in that they have forsaken Me, and served other gods, so do they also unto thee. Who acts: sons, I. 1 Samuel 8:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/8/) / 8:8 # 1 Samuel 8:8 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** sons, I · **What happens:** do, bring up, forsake, serve · **To what, where:** works, sons, Egypt, Me, other gods This is 1 Samuel 8:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons, I — and what happens in the verse to works, sons, Egypt, Me, other gods, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כְּכָֽל־הַמַּעֲשִׂ֣ים אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֗וּ מִיּוֹם֩ הַעֲלֹתִ֨י אֹתָ֤ם מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ וְעַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה וַיַּ֣עַזְבֻ֔נִי וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים כֵּ֛ן הֵ֥מָּה עֹשִׂ֖ים גַּם־לָֽךְ׃ [According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt even unto this day, in that they have forsaken Me, and served other gods, so do they also unto thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.182/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:164 # text = כְּכָֽל־הַמַּעֲשִׂ֣ים אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֗וּ מִיּוֹם֩ הַעֲלֹתִ֨י אֹתָ֤ם מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ וְעַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה וַיַּ֣עַזְבֻ֔נִי וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים כֵּ֛ן הֵ֥מָּה עֹשִׂ֖ים גַּם־לָֽךְ׃ # verse = 1SA.8.8 1-2 כְּכָֽל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=1SA_8:8!1|MId=o090080080011|Strong=3509a 2 כָֽל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=to.all|Ref=1SA_8:8!1|MId=o090080080012|Strong=3605 3-4 הַמַּעֲשִׂ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_8:8!2|MId=o090080080021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מַּעֲשִׂ֣ים מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=deeds|Ref=1SA_8:8!2|MId=o090080080022|Strong=4639 5 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1SA_8:8!3|MId=o090080080031|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 6 עָשׂ֗וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.have.done|Ref=1SA_8:8!4|MId=o090080080041|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090080070072;A1:090080080022;|Type=qatal 7-8 מִיּוֹם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_8:8!5|MId=o090080080051|Strong=4480 8 יּוֹם֩ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=1SA_8:8!5|MId=o090080080052|Strong=3117 9-10 הַעֲלֹתִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַעֲלֹת עָלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 8 acl _ Gloss=I|Ref=1SA_8:8!6|MId=o090080080061|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:090080080062;A0:090080080072;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 ִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=brought.up|Ref=1SA_8:8!6|MId=o090080080062|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 11-12 אֹתָ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_8:8!7|MId=o090080080071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 ָ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=1SA_8:8!7|MId=o090080080072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_8:8!8|MId=o090080080081|Strong=4480 14 מִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=1SA_8:8!8|MId=o090080080082|Strong=4714 15-16 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:8!9|MId=o090080080091|Strong=2050b 16 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=1SA_8:8!9|MId=o090080080092|Strong=5704 17-18 הַיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_8:8!10|MId=o090080080101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_8:8!10|MId=o090080080102|Strong=3117 19-20 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_8:8!11|MId=o090080080111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 18 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_8:8!11|MId=o090080080112|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 21-23 וַיַּ֣עַזְבֻ֔נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:8!12|MId=o090080080121|Strong=2050b 22 יַּ֣עַזְבֻ֔ עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1SA_8:8!12|MId=o090080080122|Strong=5800|Frame=A0:090080070072;A1:090080080123;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=have.forsaken.me|Ref=1SA_8:8!12|MId=o090080080123|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_8:8!13|MId=o090080080131|Strong=2050b 25 יַּעַבְד֖וּ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they.have.served|Ref=1SA_8:8!13|MId=o090080080132|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:090080070072;A1:090080080141;|Type=wayyiqtol 26 אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 obj _ Gloss=gods|Ref=1SA_8:8!14|MId=o090080080141|Strong=0430 27 אֲחֵרִ֑ים אַחֵר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 amod _ Gloss=other|Ref=1SA_8:8!15|MId=o090080080151|Strong=0312|Type=adjective 28 כֵּ֛ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=so|Ref=1SA_8:8!16|MId=o090080080161|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 29 הֵ֥מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1SA_8:8!17|MId=o090080080171|Strong=1992|Type=personal 30 עֹשִׂ֖ים עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[are].doing|Ref=1SA_8:8!18|MId=o090080080181|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:090080080171;|Type=participle_active 31 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1SA_8:8!19|MId=o090080080191|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 32-33 לָֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 ל לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_8:8!20|MId=o090080080201|Strong=3807a 33 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1SA_8:8!20|MId=o090080080202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1SA_8:8!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשׂוּ *they have done* | qatal · qal | | מַּעֲשִׂים *deeds* | | | | הַעֲלֹת *I* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | ִי *brought up* | | יַּעַזְבֻ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | | נִי *have forsaken me* | | | | יַּעַבְדוּ *they have served* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֱלֹהִים *gods* | | | | עֹשִׂים *\[are\] doing* | participle active · qal | הֵמָּה *they* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כְּכָל עוֹבָדַיָא דִי עֲבַדוּ מִיוֹמָא דְאַסְקֵית יַתְהוֹן מִמִצְרַיִם וְעַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין וּשְׁבָקוּ פּוּלְחָנִי וּפְלָחוּ לְטַעֲוַת עַמְמַיָא כֵּן אִינוּן עָבְדִין אַף לָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt even unto this day, in that they have forsaken Me, and served other gods, so do they also unto thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.182/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:164`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 8:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.7/) - next →: [1 Samuel 8:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.9/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/8/)