--- title: 1 Samuel 9:1 — Now there was a man of Benjamin, whose name was Kish, the son of Abi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now there was a man of Benjamin, whose name was Kish, the son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Becorath, the son of Aphiah, the son of a Benjamite, a mighty man of valour. Who acts: man, name, Kish. 1 Samuel 9:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/9/) / 9:1 # 1 Samuel 9:1 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** man, name, Kish · **What happens:** be, name · **To what, where:** Kish This is 1 Samuel 9:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, name, Kish — and what happens in the verse to Kish, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִי־אִ֣ישׁ מִבִּנְיָמִ֗יןוּ֠שְׁמוֹ קִ֣ישׁ בֶּן־אֲבִיאֵ֞ל בֶּן־צְר֧וֹר בֶּן־בְּכוֹרַ֛ת בֶּן־אֲפִ֖יחַ בֶּן־אִ֣ישׁ יְמִינִ֑י גִּבּ֖וֹר חָֽיִל׃ [Now there was a man of Benjamin, whose name was Kish, the son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Becorath, the son of Aphiah, the son of a Benjamite, a mighty man of valour.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.197/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:179 # text = וַֽיְהִי־אִ֣ישׁ מִבִּנְיָמִ֗יןוּ֠שְׁמוֹ קִ֣ישׁ בֶּן־אֲבִיאֵ֞ל בֶּן־צְר֧וֹר בֶּן־בְּכוֹרַ֛ת בֶּן־אֲפִ֖יחַ בֶּן־אִ֣ישׁ יְמִינִ֑י גִּבּ֖וֹר חָֽיִל׃ # verse = 1SA.9.1 1-2 וַֽיְהִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_9:1!1|MId=o090090010011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי־ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=1SA_9:1!1|MId=o090090010012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:090090010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=1SA_9:1!2|MId=o090090010021|Strong=0376 4-8 מִבִּנְיָמִ֗יןוּ֠שְׁמוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_9:1!5|MId=o090090010051|Strong=4480 5 בִּנְיָמִ֗ין בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 3 nmod _ Gloss=Benjamin|Ref=1SA_9:1!5|MId=o090090010052|Strong=1144 6 וּ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_9:1!6|MId=o090090010061|Strong=2050b 7 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=name|Ref=1SA_9:1!6|MId=o090090010062|Strong=8034 8 וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1SA_9:1!6|MId=o090090010063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 קִ֣ישׁ קִישׁ PROPN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].Kish|Ref=1SA_9:1!7|MId=o090090010071|Strong=7027 10 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1SA_9:1!8|MId=o090090010081|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 אֲבִיאֵ֞ל אֲבִיאֵל PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Abiel|Ref=1SA_9:1!9|MId=o090090010091|Strong=0022 12 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1SA_9:1!10|MId=o090090010101|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 13 צְר֧וֹר צְרוֹר PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zeror|Ref=1SA_9:1!11|MId=o090090010111|Strong=6872b 14 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1SA_9:1!12|MId=o090090010121|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 15 בְּכוֹרַ֛ת בְּכוֹרַת PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Becorath|Ref=1SA_9:1!13|MId=o090090010131|Strong=1064 16 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1SA_9:1!14|MId=o090090010141|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 17 אֲפִ֖יחַ אֲפִיחַ PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aphiah|Ref=1SA_9:1!15|MId=o090090010151|Strong=0647 18 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 appos _ Gloss=a.son|Ref=1SA_9:1!16|MId=o090090010161|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 19 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.man|Ref=1SA_9:1!17|MId=o090090010171|Strong=0376 20 יְמִינִ֑י יְמִינִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 appos _ Gloss=a.Jaminite|Ref=1SA_9:1!18|MId=o090090010181|Strong=1145|Type=gentilic 21 גִּבּ֖וֹר גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=a.mighty.[man]|Ref=1SA_9:1!19|MId=o090090010191|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 22 חָֽיִל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.wealth|Ref=1SA_9:1!20|MId=o090090010201|Strong=2428|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1SA_9:1!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי־ *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *a man* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה גַבְרָא מִשִׁבְטָא דְבֵית בִּנְיָמִין וּשְׁמֵיהּ קִישׁ בַּר אֲבִיאֵל בַּר צְרוֹר בַּר בְּכוֹרַת בַּר אֲפִיחַ בַּר גַבְרָא מִשִׁבְטָא דְבֵית בִּנְיָמִן גִבַּר חֵילָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now there was a man of Benjamin, whose name was Kish, the son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Becorath, the son of Aphiah, the son of a Benjamite, a mighty man of valour.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.197/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:179`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 8:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.8.22/) - next →: [1 Samuel 9:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.2/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/9/)