--- title: 1 Samuel 9:21 — And Saul answered and said: 'Am not I a Benjamite, of the smallest o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Saul answered and said: 'Am not I a Benjamite, of the smallest of the tribes of Israel? and my family the least of all the families of the tribe of Benjamin? wherefore then speakest thou to me after this manner?' Who acts: Saul, I, thou. 1 Samuel 9:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/9/) / 9:21 # 1 Samuel 9:21 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** Saul, I, thou · **What happens:** answer, say, not be, speak · **To what, where:** Benjamite, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 9:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Saul, I, thou — and what happens in the verse to Benjamite, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֨עַן שָׁא֜וּל וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֲל֨וֹא בֶן־יְמִינִ֤י אָ֙נֹכִי֙ מִקַּטַנֵּי֙שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּמִשְׁפַּחְתִּי֙ הַצְּעִרָ֔ה מִכָּֽל־מִשְׁפְּח֖וֹת שִׁבְטֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֑ן וְלָ֙מָּה֙ דִּבַּ֣רְתָּ אֵלַ֔י כַּדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּֽה׃ס [And Saul answered and said: 'Am not I a Benjamite, of the smallest of the tribes of Israel? and my family the least of all the families of the tribe of Benjamin? wherefore then speakest thou to me after this manner?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.221/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:199 # text = וַיַּ֨עַן שָׁא֜וּל וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֲל֨וֹא בֶן־יְמִינִ֤י אָ֙נֹכִי֙ מִקַּטַנֵּי֙שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּמִשְׁפַּחְתִּי֙ הַצְּעִרָ֔ה מִכָּֽל־מִשְׁפְּח֖וֹת שִׁבְטֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֑ן וְלָ֙מָּה֙ דִּבַּ֣רְתָּ אֵלַ֔י כַּדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּֽה׃ס # verse = 1SA.9.21 1-2 וַיַּ֨עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_9:21!1|MId=o090090210011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֨עַן עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=1SA_9:21!1|MId=o090090210012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:090090210021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁא֜וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=1SA_9:21!2|MId=o090090210021|Strong=7586 4-5 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_9:21!3|MId=o090090210031|Strong=2050b 5 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_9:21!3|MId=o090090210032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090090210021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6-7 הֲל֨וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=1SA_9:21!4|MId=o090090210041|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 7 ל֨וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1SA_9:21!4|MId=o090090210042|Strong=3808|Type=negative 8 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 ccomp _ Gloss=a.Ben-|Ref=1SA_9:21!5|MId=o090090210051|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 9 יְמִינִ֤י יְמִינִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=jaminite|Ref=1SA_9:21!6|MId=o090090210061|Strong=1145|Type=gentilic 10 אָ֙נֹכִי֙ אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ Gloss=[am].I|Ref=1SA_9:21!7|MId=o090090210071|Strong=0595|Type=personal 11-13 מִקַּטַנֵּי֙שִׁבְטֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1SA_9:21!8|MId=o090090210081|Strong=4480 12 קַּטַנֵּי֙ קָטָן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=the.small|Ref=1SA_9:21!8|MId=o090090210082|Strong=6996|Type=adjective 13 שִׁבְטֵ֣י שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.tribes|Ref=1SA_9:21!9|MId=o090090210091|Strong=7626 14 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1SA_9:21!10|MId=o090090210101|Strong=3478 15-17 וּמִשְׁפַּחְתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and.[is]|Ref=1SA_9:21!11|MId=o090090210111|Strong=2050b 16 מִשְׁפַּחְתּ מִשְׁפַּחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=clan?|Ref=1SA_9:21!11|MId=o090090210112|Strong=4940 17 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1SA_9:21!11|MId=o090090210113|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18-19 הַצְּעִרָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_9:21!12|MId=o090090210121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 צְּעִרָ֔ה צָעִיר ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=insignificant|Ref=1SA_9:21!12|MId=o090090210122|Strong=6810|Type=adjective 20-21 מִכָּֽל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1SA_9:21!13|MId=o090090210131|Strong=4480 21 כָּֽל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nmod _ Gloss=all|Ref=1SA_9:21!13|MId=o090090210132|Strong=3605 22 מִשְׁפְּח֖וֹת מִשְׁפָּחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.clans|Ref=1SA_9:21!14|MId=o090090210141|Strong=4940 23 שִׁבְטֵ֣י שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.tribes|Ref=1SA_9:21!15|MId=o090090210151|Strong=7626 24 בִנְיָמִ֑ן בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Benjamin|Ref=1SA_9:21!16|MId=o090090210161|Strong=1144 25-27 וְלָ֙מָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_9:21!17|MId=o090090210171|Strong=2050b 26 לָ֙ לָמָה ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_9:21!17|MId=o090090210172|Strong=3807a 27 מָּה֙ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 28 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1SA_9:21!17|MId=o090090210173|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 28 דִּבַּ֣רְתָּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 8 conj _ Gloss=have.you.spoken|Ref=1SA_9:21!18|MId=o090090210181|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:090090190021;|Type=qatal 29-30 אֵלַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_9:21!19|MId=o090090210191|Strong=0413 30 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1SA_9:21!19|MId=o090090210192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 31-33 כַּדָּבָ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=1SA_9:21!20|MId=o090090210201|Strong=3509a 32 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_9:21!20|MId=o090090210201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 דָּבָ֖ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=the.manner|Ref=1SA_9:21!20|MId=o090090210202|Strong=1697 34-35 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1SA_9:21!21|MId=o090090210211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 33 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_9:21!21|MId=o090090210212|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=1SA_9:21!21|SpaceAfter=No 37 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=1SA_9:21!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | דִּבַּרְתָּ *have you spoken* | qatal · piel | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאָתֵיב שָׁאוּל וַאֲמַר הֲלָא בַּר שֵׁבֶט בִּנְיָמִן אֲנָא מִזְעִירֵי שִׁבְטַיָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְזַרְעִיתִי חַלָשָׁא מִכָּל זַרְעֲיַת שֵׁבֶט בִּנְיָמִן וּלְמָא מַלֶלְתָּא עִמִי כְּפִתְגָמָא הָדֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Saul answered and said: 'Am not I a Benjamite, of the smallest of the tribes of Israel? and my family the least of all the families of the tribe of Benjamin? wherefore then speakest thou to me after this manner?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.221/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:199`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 9:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.20/) - next →: [1 Samuel 9:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.22/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/9/)