--- title: 1 Samuel 9:9 — Beforetime in Israel, when a man went to inquire of God, thus he sai… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Beforetime in Israel, when a man went to inquire of God, thus he said: 'Come and let us go to the seer'; for he that is now called a prophet was beforetime called a seer. — Who acts: man, us. 1 Samuel 9:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/9/) / 9:9 # 1 Samuel 9:9 שְׁמוּאֵל א **Who acts:** man, us · **What happens:** go, inquire, say, come, let, call · **To what, where:** Israel, us, seer, prophet, man · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Samuel 9:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, us — and what happens in the verse to Israel, us, seer, prophet, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of 1 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לְפָנִ֣ים ׀ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר הָאִישׁ֙ בְּלֶכְתּוֹ֙ לִדְר֣וֹשׁ אֱלֹהִ֔ים לְכ֥וּ וְנֵלְכָ֖ה עַד־הָרֹאֶ֑ה כִּ֤י לַנָּבִיא֙ הַיּ֔וֹם יִקָּרֵ֥א לְפָנִ֖ים הָרֹאֶֽה׃ [Beforetime in Israel, when a man went to inquire of God, thus he said: 'Come and let us go to the seer'; for he that is now called a prophet was beforetime called a seer. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.206/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1SA:187 # text = לְפָנִ֣ים ׀ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר הָאִישׁ֙ בְּלֶכְתּוֹ֙ לִדְר֣וֹשׁ אֱלֹהִ֔ים לְכ֥וּ וְנֵלְכָ֖ה עַד־הָרֹאֶ֑ה כִּ֤י לַנָּבִיא֙ הַיּ֔וֹם יִקָּרֵ֥א לְפָנִ֖ים הָרֹאֶֽה׃ # verse = 1SA.9.9 1-2 לְפָנִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=formerly|Ref=1SA_9:9!1|MId=o090090090011|Strong=3807a 2 פָנִ֣ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_9:9!1|MId=o090090090012|Strong=6440 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=1SA_9:9!1 4-5 בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1SA_9:9!2|MId=o090090090021|Strong=0871a 5 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=1SA_9:9!2|MId=o090090090022|Strong=3478 6 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=1SA_9:9!3|MId=o090090090031|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 7 אָמַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1SA_9:9!4|MId=o090090090041|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:090090090052;|Type=qatal 8-9 הָאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_9:9!5|MId=o090090090051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=1SA_9:9!5|MId=o090090090052|Strong=0376 10-12 בְּלֶכְתּוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1SA_9:9!6|MId=o090090090061|Strong=0871a 11 לֶכְתּ הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 advcl _ Gloss=went|Ref=1SA_9:9!6|MId=o090090090062|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090090090063;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1SA_9:9!6|MId=o090090090063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 לִדְר֣וֹשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_9:9!7|MId=o090090090071|Strong=3807a 14 דְר֣וֹשׁ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 advcl _ Gloss=consult|Ref=1SA_9:9!7|MId=o090090090072|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:090090090052;A1:090090090081;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=God|Ref=1SA_9:9!8|MId=o090090090081|Strong=0430 16 לְכ֥וּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 7 ccomp _ Gloss=come|Ref=1SA_9:9!9|MId=o090090090091|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:;|Type=imperative 17-18 וְנֵלְכָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1SA_9:9!10|MId=o090090090101|Strong=2050b 18 נֵלְכָ֖ה הלך VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 16 conj _ Gloss=let.us.go|Ref=1SA_9:9!10|MId=o090090090102|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:090090090052;|Type=cohortative 19 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_9:9!11|MId=o090090090111|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 הָרֹאֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_9:9!12|MId=o090090090121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 רֹאֶ֑ה רֹאֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=seer|Ref=1SA_9:9!12|MId=o090090090122|Strong=7203|Type=participle_active 22 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1SA_9:9!13|MId=o090090090131|Strong=3588 23-25 לַנָּבִיא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1SA_9:9!14|MId=o090090090141|Strong=3807a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_9:9!14|MId=o090090090141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 נָּבִיא֙ נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=prophet|Ref=1SA_9:9!14|MId=o090090090142|Strong=5030 26-27 הַיּ֔וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1SA_9:9!15|MId=o090090090151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 יּ֔וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 advmod _ Gloss=day|Ref=1SA_9:9!15|MId=o090090090152|Strong=3117 28 יִקָּרֵ֥א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 advcl _ Gloss=it.was.called|Ref=1SA_9:9!16|MId=o090090090161|Strong=7121|Frame=A1:090090090182;|Type=yiqtol 29-30 לְפָנִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=formerly|Ref=1SA_9:9!17|MId=o090090090171|Strong=3807a 30 פָנִ֖ים פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 28 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=1SA_9:9!17|MId=o090090090172|Strong=6440 31-32 הָרֹאֶֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1SA_9:9!18|MId=o090090090181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 רֹאֶֽה רֹאֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=seer|Ref=1SA_9:9!18|MId=o090090090182|Strong=7203|Type=participle_active 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1SA_9:9!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | לֶכְתּ *went* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *he* | | | | | דְרוֹשׁ *consult* | infinitive construct · qal | אִישׁ *man* | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | לְכוּ *come* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נֵלְכָה *let us go* | cohortative · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | יִקָּרֵא *it was called* | yiqtol · niphal | | רֹאֶֽה *seer* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּקַדְמִין בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל כִּדְנַן אֲמַר גַבְרָא בְּמֵיזְלֵיהּ לְמִתְבַּע אוּלְפַן מִן קֳדָם יְיָ אִיתוֹ וְנִתְמְטֵי עַד חֶזְוַיָא אֲרֵי לִנְבִיָא יוֹמָא דֵין מִתְקְרֵי מִלְקַדְמִין חֶזְוַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Beforetime in Israel, when a man went to inquire of God, thus he said: 'Come and let us go to the seer'; for he that is now called a prophet was beforetime called a seer. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1SA.206/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1SA:187`. - ← previous: [1 Samuel 9:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.8/) - next →: [1 Samuel 9:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA.9.10/) - ↑ back to [1 Samuel 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1SA/9/)