--- title: 2 Kings 12:19 — And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.12.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/12/) / 12:19 # 2 Kings 12:19 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** Jehoash king, Jehoshaphat, king · **What happens:** take, hallow, dedicate, find, send, go away · **To what, where:** hallowed things, gold, treasures, house, Hazael king, Jerusalem This is 2 Kings 12:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jehoash king, Jehoshaphat, king — and what happens in the verse to hallowed things, gold, treasures, house, Hazael king, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקַּ֞ח יְהוֹאָ֣שׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֡ים אֲשֶׁר־הִקְדִּ֣ישׁוּ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט וִיהוֹרָם֩ וַאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ אֲבֹתָ֜יו מַלְכֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וְאֶת־קֳדָשָׁ֔יו וְאֵ֣ת כָּל־הַזָּהָ֗ב הַנִּמְצָ֛א בְּאֹצְר֥וֹת בֵּית־יְהוָ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח לַֽחֲזָאֵל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם וַיַּ֖עַל מֵעַ֥ל יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ [And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of Aram; and he went away from Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.382/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:334 # text = וַיִּקַּ֞ח יְהוֹאָ֣שׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֡ים אֲשֶׁר־הִקְדִּ֣ישׁוּ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט וִיהוֹרָם֩ וַאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ אֲבֹתָ֜יו מַלְכֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וְאֶת־קֳדָשָׁ֔יו וְאֵ֣ת כָּל־הַזָּהָ֗ב הַנִּמְצָ֛א בְּאֹצְר֥וֹת בֵּית־יְהוָ֖ה וּבֵ֣ית הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח לַֽחֲזָאֵל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֔ם וַיַּ֖עַל מֵעַ֥ל יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ # verse = 2KI.12.19 1-2 וַיִּקַּ֞ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!1|MId=o120120190011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקַּ֞ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=2KI_12:19!1|MId=o120120190012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:120120190021;A1:120120190072;120120190171;120120190202;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוֹאָ֣שׁ יְהוֹאָשׁ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehoash|Ref=2KI_12:19!2|MId=o120120190021|Strong=3060 4 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_12:19!3|MId=o120120190031|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 5 יְהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=2KI_12:19!4|MId=o120120190041|Strong=3063 6 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_12:19!5|MId=o120120190051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_12:19!6|MId=o120120190061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַקֳּדָשִׁ֡ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the.holy|Ref=2KI_12:19!7|MId=o120120190071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 קֳּדָשִׁ֡ים קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=things|Ref=2KI_12:19!7|MId=o120120190072|Strong=6944 10 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_12:19!8|MId=o120120190081|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 11 הִקְדִּ֣ישׁוּ קָדַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.consecrated|Ref=2KI_12:19!9|MId=o120120190091|Strong=6942|Frame=AA:120120190101;120120190112;120120190122;A0:120120190072;|Type=qatal 12 יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט יְהוֹשָׁפָט PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehoshaphat|Ref=2KI_12:19!10|MId=o120120190101|Strong=3092 13-14 וִיהוֹרָם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!11|MId=o120120190111|Strong=2050b 14 יהוֹרָם֩ יְהוֹרָם PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Jehoram|Ref=2KI_12:19!11|MId=o120120190112|Strong=3088 15-16 וַאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!12|MId=o120120190121|Strong=2050b 16 אֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ אֲחַזְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Ahaziah|Ref=2KI_12:19!12|MId=o120120190122|Strong=0274a 17-18 אֲבֹתָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֲבֹתָ֜י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=2KI_12:19!13|MId=o120120190131|Strong=0001 18 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_12:19!13|MId=o120120190132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 מַלְכֵ֤י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=the.kings|Ref=2KI_12:19!14|MId=o120120190141|Strong=4428 20 יְהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=2KI_12:19!15|MId=o120120190151|Strong=3063 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!16|MId=o120120190161|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_12:19!16|MId=o120120190162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23-24 קֳדָשָׁ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 קֳדָשָׁ֔י קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=holy.things|Ref=2KI_12:19!17|MId=o120120190171|Strong=6944 24 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=2KI_12:19!17|MId=o120120190172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 וְאֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!18|MId=o120120190181|Strong=2050b 26 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_12:19!18|MId=o120120190182|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_12:19!19|MId=o120120190191|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הַזָּהָ֗ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_12:19!20|MId=o120120190201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 זָּהָ֗ב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=gold|Ref=2KI_12:19!20|MId=o120120190202|Strong=2091 30-31 הַנִּמְצָ֛א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=2KI_12:19!21|MId=o120120190211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 נִּמְצָ֛א מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=was].found|Ref=2KI_12:19!21|MId=o120120190212|Strong=4672|Frame=A1:120120190202;|Type=participle_active 32-33 בְּאֹצְר֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_12:19!22|MId=o120120190221|Strong=0871a 33 אֹצְר֥וֹת אוֹצָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 obl _ Gloss=the.treasuries|Ref=2KI_12:19!22|MId=o120120190222|Strong=0214 34 בֵּית־ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.house|Ref=2KI_12:19!23|MId=o120120190231|Strong=1004|SpaceAfter=No 35 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2KI_12:19!24|MId=o120120190241|Strong=3068 36-37 וּבֵ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!25|MId=o120120190251|Strong=2050b 37 בֵ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 conj _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=2KI_12:19!25|MId=o120120190252|Strong=1004 38-39 הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_12:19!26|MId=o120120190261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_12:19!26|MId=o120120190262|Strong=4428 40-41 וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!27|MId=o120120190271|Strong=2050b 41 יִּשְׁלַ֗ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.sent.[them]|Ref=2KI_12:19!27|MId=o120120190272|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:120120190021;A1:120120190072;120120190171;120120190202;|Type=wayyiqtol 42-43 לַֽחֲזָאֵל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_12:19!28|MId=o120120190281|Strong=3807a 43 חֲזָאֵל֙ חֲזָאֵל PROPN _ _ 41 obl _ Gloss=Hazael|Ref=2KI_12:19!28|MId=o120120190282|Strong=2371 44 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_12:19!29|MId=o120120190291|Strong=4428 45 אֲרָ֔ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 44 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aram|Ref=2KI_12:19!30|MId=o120120190301|Strong=0758 46-47 וַיַּ֖עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 47 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_12:19!31|MId=o120120190311|Strong=2050b 47 יַּ֖עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went.up|Ref=2KI_12:19!31|MId=o120120190312|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:120120190282;|Type=wayyiqtol 48-49 מֵעַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 50 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2KI_12:19!32|MId=o120120190321|Strong=4480 49 עַ֥ל עַל ADP _ _ 50 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_12:19!32|MId=o120120190322|Strong=5921 50 יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 47 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=2KI_12:19!33|MId=o120120190331|Strong=3389|SpaceAfter=No 51 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 50 punct _ Ref=2KI_12:19!33 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹאָשׁ *Jehoash* | קֳּדָשִׁים *things* + קֳדָשָׁי *holy things* + זָּהָב *gold* | | | | הִקְדִּישׁוּ *they had consecrated* | qatal · hiphil | קֳּדָשִׁים *things* | | | יְהוֹשָׁפָט *Jehoshaphat* + יהוֹרָם *Jehoram* + אֲחַזְיָהוּ *Ahaziah* | | נִּמְצָא *was\] found* | participle active · niphal | | זָּהָב *gold* | | | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹאָשׁ *Jehoash* | קֳּדָשִׁים *things* + קֳדָשָׁי *holy things* + זָּהָב *gold* | | | | יַּעַל *he went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | חֲזָאֵל *Hazael* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְסֵב יְהוֹאָשׁ מֶלֶךְ שִׁבְטָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה יַת כָּל קוּדְשַׁיָא דִי אַקְדִישׁוּ יְהוֹשָׁפָט וִיהוֹרָם וַאֲחַזְיָהוּ אֲבָהָתוֹהִי מַלְכַיָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה וְיַת קוּדְשׁוֹהִי וְיַת כָּל דַהֲבָא דְאִשְׁתְּכַח בְּאוֹצְרֵי בֵית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ וּבֵית גִנְזֵי מַלְכָּא וּשְׁדַר לַחֲזָאֵל מַלְכָּא דַאֲרָם וְאִסְתַּלַק מֵעַל יְרוּשְׁלֶם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jehoash king Judah took all the hallowed things that Jehoshaphat, and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own hallowed things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of the LORD, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of Aram; and he went away from Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.382/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:334`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 12:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.12.18/) - next →: [2 Kings 12:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.12.20/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/12/)