--- title: 2 Kings 13:17 — And he said: 'Open the window eastward'; and he opened it. Then Elis… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said: 'Open the window eastward'; and he opened it. Then Elisha said: 'Shoot'; and he shot. And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.' Who acts: Elisha, thou. 2 Kings 13:17 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/13/) / 13:17 # 2 Kings 13:17 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** Elisha, thou · **What happens:** say, open, shoot, smite, consume · **To what, where:** window, Arameans, Aphek · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 13:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Elisha, thou — and what happens in the verse to window, Arameans, Aphek, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֗אמֶר פְּתַ֧ח הַחַלּ֛וֹן קֵ֖דְמָה וַיִּפְתָּ֑ח וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלִישָׁ֤ע יְרֵה֙ וַיּ֔וֹר וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חֵץ־תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה לַֽיהוָה֙ וְחֵ֣ץ תְּשׁוּעָ֣ה בַֽאֲרָ֔ם וְהִכִּיתָ֧ אֶת־אֲרָ֛ם בַּאֲפֵ֖ק עַד־כַּלֵּֽה׃ [And he said: 'Open the window eastward'; and he opened it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.403/) [Then Elisha said: 'Shoot'; and he shot.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.404/) [And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.405/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:354 # text = וַיֹּ֗אמֶר פְּתַ֧ח הַחַלּ֛וֹן קֵ֖דְמָה וַיִּפְתָּ֑ח וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלִישָׁ֤ע יְרֵה֙ וַיּ֔וֹר וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חֵץ־תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה לַֽיהוָה֙ וְחֵ֣ץ תְּשׁוּעָ֣ה בַֽאֲרָ֔ם וְהִכִּיתָ֧ אֶת־אֲרָ֛ם בַּאֲפֵ֖ק עַד־כַּלֵּֽה׃ # verse = 2KI.13.17 1-2 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!1|MId=o120130170011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_13:17!1|MId=o120130170012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120130160111;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 פְּתַ֧ח פָּתַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=open|Ref=2KI_13:17!2|MId=o120130170021|Strong=6605|Frame=A0:120130160152;A1:120130170032;|Type=imperative 4-5 הַחַלּ֛וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_13:17!3|MId=o120130170031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 חַלּ֛וֹן חַלּוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=window|Ref=2KI_13:17!3|MId=o120130170032|Strong=2474 6-7 קֵ֖דְמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 קֵ֖דְמ קֵדֶם ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 advmod _ Gloss=eastward|Ref=2KI_13:17!4|MId=o120130170041|Strong=6924a 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=2KI_13:17!4|MId=o120130170042|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8-9 וַיִּפְתָּ֑ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!5|MId=o120130170051|Strong=2050b 9 יִּפְתָּ֑ח פָּתַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.opened.[it]|Ref=2KI_13:17!5|MId=o120130170052|Strong=6605|Frame=A0:120130160152;A1:120130170032;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!6|MId=o120130170061|Strong=2050b 11 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_13:17!6|MId=o120130170062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120130170071;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֱלִישָׁ֤ע אֱלִישָׁע PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Elisha|Ref=2KI_13:17!7|MId=o120130170071|Strong=0477 13 יְרֵה֙ יָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 ccomp _ Gloss=shoot|Ref=2KI_13:17!8|MId=o120130170081|Strong=3384|Frame=A0:120130160152;|Type=imperative 14-15 וַיּ֔וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!9|MId=o120130170091|Strong=2050b 15 יּ֔וֹר יָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.shot|Ref=2KI_13:17!9|MId=o120130170092|Strong=3384|Frame=A0:120130160152;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!10|MId=o120130170101|Strong=2050b 17 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_13:17!10|MId=o120130170102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120130170071;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 חֵץ־ חֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 ccomp _ Gloss=an.arrow|Ref=2KI_13:17!11|MId=o120130170111|Strong=2671|SpaceAfter=No 19 תְּשׁוּעָ֤ה תְּשׁוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.victory|Ref=2KI_13:17!12|MId=o120130170121|Strong=8668 20-21 לַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_13:17!13|MId=o120130170131|Strong=3807a 21 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 18 nmod _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2KI_13:17!13|MId=o120130170132|Strong=3068 22-23 וְחֵ֣ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!14|MId=o120130170141|Strong=2050b 23 חֵ֣ץ חֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=an.arrow|Ref=2KI_13:17!14|MId=o120130170142|Strong=2671 24 תְּשׁוּעָ֣ה תְּשׁוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.victory|Ref=2KI_13:17!15|MId=o120130170151|Strong=8668 25-26 בַֽאֲרָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בַֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_13:17!16|MId=o120130170161|Strong=0871a 26 אֲרָ֔ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 23 nmod _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2KI_13:17!16|MId=o120130170162|Strong=0758 27-28 וְהִכִּיתָ֧ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:17!17|MId=o120130170171|Strong=2050b 28 הִכִּיתָ֧ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 18 conj _ Gloss=you.will.defeat|Ref=2KI_13:17!17|MId=o120130170172|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:120130160152;A0:120130170191;|Type=weqatal 29 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_13:17!18|MId=o120130170181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 30 אֲרָ֛ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 28 obj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2KI_13:17!19|MId=o120130170191|Strong=0758 31-32 בַּאֲפֵ֖ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_13:17!20|MId=o120130170201|Strong=0871a 32 אֲפֵ֖ק אֲפֵק PROPN _ _ 28 obl _ Gloss=Aphek|Ref=2KI_13:17!20|MId=o120130170202|Strong=0663 33 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=2KI_13:17!21|MId=o120130170211|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 34 כַּלֵּֽה כָּלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 28 advcl _ Gloss=make.an.end|Ref=2KI_13:17!22|MId=o120130170221|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:120130160152;A1:120130170191;|Type=infinitive_absolute|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=2KI_13:17!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | פְּתַח *open* | imperative · qal | | חַלּוֹן *window* | | | | יִּפְתָּח *he opened \[it\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | | חַלּוֹן *window* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | | | | | יְרֵה *shoot* | imperative · qal | | | | | | יּוֹר *he shot* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | | | | | הִכִּיתָ *you will defeat* | weqatal · hiphil | אֲרָם *Aram* | | | | | כַּלֵּֽה *make an end* | infinitive absolute · piel | | אֲרָם *Aram* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר פְּתַח כֵּוָן לְמַדִינְחָא וּפְתַח וַאֲמַר אֱלִישָׁע שְׁדֵי וּשְׁדָא וַאֲמַר הָדֵין גִירָא יִתְעֲבֵיד לָנָא פּוּרְקָנָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְהָדֵין גִירָא יִתְעֲבֵיד לָנָא נִצְחָנָא בֶּאֱנַשׁ אֲרָם וְתִמְחֵי יַת אֱנַשׁ אֲרָם בַּאֲפֵיק עַד דְיִשְׁתֵּיצוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said: 'Open the window eastward'; and he opened it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.403/) 2. [Then Elisha said: 'Shoot'; and he shot.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.404/) 3. [And he said: 'The LORD'S arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory against Aram; for thou shalt smite the Arameans in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.405/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:354`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 13:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.16/) - next →: [2 Kings 13:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.18/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/13/)