--- title: 2 Kings 13:18 — And he said: 'Take the arrows'; and he took them. And he said unto t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said: 'Take the arrows'; and he took them. And he said unto the king of Israel: 'Smite upon the ground'; and he smote thrice, and stayed. Who acts: Elisha. 2 Kings 13:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/13/) / 13:18 # 2 Kings 13:18 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** Elisha · **What happens:** say, take, smite, stay · **To what, where:** arrows · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 13:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Elisha — and what happens in the verse to arrows, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֛אמֶר קַ֥ח הַחִצִּ֖ים וַיִּקָּ֑ח וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לְמֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הַךְ־אַ֔רְצָה וַיַּ֥ךְ שָֽׁלֹשׁ־פְּעָמִ֖ים וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽד׃ [And he said: 'Take the arrows'; and he took them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.406/) [And he said unto the king of Israel: 'Smite upon the ground'; and he smote thrice, and stayed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.407/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:355 # text = וַיֹּ֛אמֶר קַ֥ח הַחִצִּ֖ים וַיִּקָּ֑ח וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לְמֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הַךְ־אַ֔רְצָה וַיַּ֥ךְ שָֽׁלֹשׁ־פְּעָמִ֖ים וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽד׃ # verse = 2KI.13.18 1-2 וַיֹּ֛אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:18!1|MId=o120130180011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֛אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_13:18!1|MId=o120130180012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120130170071;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 קַ֥ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=take|Ref=2KI_13:18!2|MId=o120130180021|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:120130160152;A1:120130180032;|Type=imperative 4-5 הַחִצִּ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_13:18!3|MId=o120130180031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 חִצִּ֖ים חֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obj _ Gloss=arrows|Ref=2KI_13:18!3|MId=o120130180032|Strong=2671 6-7 וַיִּקָּ֑ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:18!4|MId=o120130180041|Strong=2050b 7 יִּקָּ֑ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.took.[them]|Ref=2KI_13:18!4|MId=o120130180042|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:120130160152;A1:120130180032;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:18!5|MId=o120130180051|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_13:18!5|MId=o120130180052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120130170071;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 לְמֶֽלֶךְ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_13:18!6|MId=o120130180061|Strong=3807a 11 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_13:18!6|MId=o120130180062|Strong=4428 12 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2KI_13:18!7|MId=o120130180071|Strong=3478 13 הַךְ־ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 ccomp _ Gloss=strike|Ref=2KI_13:18!8|MId=o120130180081|Strong=5221|Frame=A0:120130180062;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 אַ֔רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אַ֔רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2KI_13:18!9|MId=o120130180091|Strong=0776 15 ָה ה X _ _ 14 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=2KI_13:18!9|MId=o120130180092|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 16-17 וַיַּ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:18!10|MId=o120130180101|Strong=2050b 17 יַּ֥ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck|Ref=2KI_13:18!10|MId=o120130180102|Strong=5221|Frame=A0:120130180062;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 שָֽׁלֹשׁ־ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=2KI_13:18!11|MId=o120130180111|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 19 פְּעָמִ֖ים פַּעַם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=times|Ref=2KI_13:18!12|MId=o120130180121|Strong=6471 20-21 וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:18!13|MId=o120130180131|Strong=2050b 21 יַּעֲמֹֽד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.stopped|Ref=2KI_13:18!13|MId=o120130180132|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:120130180062;|Type=wayyiqtol 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=2KI_13:18!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | קַח *take* | imperative · qal | | חִצִּים *arrows* | | | | יִּקָּח *he took \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | | חִצִּים *arrows* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | הַךְ־ *strike* | imperative · hiphil | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | | | | | יַּעֲמֹֽד *he stopped* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר סַב גִרְרַיָא וּנְסִיב וַאֲמַר לְמַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל מְחֵי לְאַרְעָא וּמְחָא תְּלַת זִמְנִין וּפְסַק: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said: 'Take the arrows'; and he took them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.406/) 2. [And he said unto the king of Israel: 'Smite upon the ground'; and he smote thrice, and stayed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.407/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:355`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 13:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.17/) - next →: [2 Kings 13:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.19/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/13/)