--- title: 2 Kings 13:23 — But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither hath He cast them from His presence until now. Who acts: LORD. 2 Kings 13:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/13/) / 13:23 # 2 Kings 13:23 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** be, have, not destroy, cast, covenant · **To what, where:** compassion, respect, bands, presence This is 2 Kings 13:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to compassion, respect, bands, presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּחָן֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֹתָ֤ם וַֽיְרַחֲמֵם֙ וַיִּ֣פֶן אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם לְמַ֣עַן בְּרִית֔וֹ אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֖ם יִצְחָ֣ק וְיַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ הַשְׁחִיתָ֔ם וְלֹֽא־הִשְׁלִיכָ֥ם מֵֽעַל־פָּנָ֖יו עַד־עָֽתָּה׃ [But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither hath He cast them from His presence until now.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.413/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:360 # text = וַיָּחָן֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֹתָ֤ם וַֽיְרַחֲמֵם֙ וַיִּ֣פֶן אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם לְמַ֣עַן בְּרִית֔וֹ אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֖ם יִצְחָ֣ק וְיַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ הַשְׁחִיתָ֔ם וְלֹֽא־הִשְׁלִיכָ֥ם מֵֽעַל־פָּנָ֖יו עַד־עָֽתָּה׃ # verse = 2KI.13.23 1-2 וַיָּחָן֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:23!1|MId=o120130230011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּחָן֩ חָנַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.showed.favor.to|Ref=2KI_13:23!1|MId=o120130230012|Strong=2603|Frame=A0:120130230021;A1:120130230032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָ֨ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2KI_13:23!2|MId=o120130230021|Strong=3068 4-5 אֹתָ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2KI_13:23!3|MId=o120130230031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 5 ָ֤ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2KI_13:23!3|MId=o120130230032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 6-8 וַֽיְרַחֲמֵם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:23!4|MId=o120130230041|Strong=2050b 7 יְרַחֲמ רָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_13:23!4|MId=o120130230042|Strong=7355|Frame=A0:120130230021;A1:120130230043;|Type=wayyiqtol 8 ֵם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=had.compassion.on.them|Ref=2KI_13:23!4|MId=o120130230043|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וַיִּ֣פֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:23!5|MId=o120130230051|Strong=2050b 10 יִּ֣פֶן פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.turned|Ref=2KI_13:23!5|MId=o120130230052|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:120130230021;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_13:23!6|MId=o120130230061|Strong=0413 12 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2KI_13:23!6|MId=o120130230062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 לְמַ֣עַן לְמַעַן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=on.account.of|Ref=2KI_13:23!7|MId=o120130230071|Strong=4616 14-15 בְּרִית֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּרִית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=2KI_13:23!8|MId=o120130230081|Strong=1285 15 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_13:23!8|MId=o120130230082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2KI_13:23!9|MId=o120130230091|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 17 אַבְרָהָ֖ם אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 14 nmod _ Gloss=Abraham|Ref=2KI_13:23!10|MId=o120130230101|Strong=0085 18 יִצְחָ֣ק יִצְחָק PROPN _ _ 17 conj _ Gloss=Isaac|Ref=2KI_13:23!11|MId=o120130230111|Strong=3327 19-20 וְיַֽעֲקֹ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:23!12|MId=o120130230121|Strong=2050b 20 יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 17 conj _ Gloss=Jacob|Ref=2KI_13:23!12|MId=o120130230122|Strong=3290 21-22 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:23!13|MId=o120130230131|Strong=2050b 22 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2KI_13:23!13|MId=o120130230132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 23 אָבָה֙ אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was.willing|Ref=2KI_13:23!14|MId=o120130230141|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:120130230021;A1:120130230151;|Type=qatal 24-25 הַשְׁחִיתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַשְׁחִית שָׁחַת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 23 ccomp _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_13:23!15|MId=o120130230151|Strong=7843|Frame=AA:120130230021;A0:120130230152;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ Gloss=destroy.them|Ref=2KI_13:23!15|MId=o120130230152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26-27 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_13:23!16|MId=o120130230161|Strong=2050b 27 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2KI_13:23!16|MId=o120130230162|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28-29 הִשְׁלִיכָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הִשְׁלִיכ שָׁלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_13:23!17|MId=o120130230171|Strong=7993|Frame=AA:120130230021;A0:120130230172;|Type=qatal 29 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=threw.them|Ref=2KI_13:23!17|MId=o120130230172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30-31 מֵֽעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2KI_13:23!18|MId=o120130230181|Strong=4480 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_13:23!18|MId=o120130230182|Strong=5921 32-33 פָּנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 פָּנָ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 28 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=2KI_13:23!19|MId=o120130230191|Strong=6440 33 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_13:23!19|MId=o120130230192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=2KI_13:23!20|MId=o120130230201|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 35 עָֽתָּה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 28 obl _ Gloss=now|Ref=2KI_13:23!21|MId=o120130230211|Strong=6258|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=2KI_13:23!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּחָן *he showed favor to* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ָם *them* | | | | יְרַחֲמ *he* | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ֵם *had compassion on them* | | | | יִּפֶן *he turned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | **not** אָבָה *he was willing* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | הַשְׁחִית *to* | | | | הַשְׁחִית *to* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *destroy them* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | **not** הִשְׁלִיכ *he* | qatal · hiphil | ָם *threw them* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְחֵס יְיָ עֲלֵיהוֹן וּרְחַם עֲלֵיהוֹן וְאִתְפְּנֵי בְּמֵימְרֵיהּ לְאוֹטָבָא לְהוֹן בְּדִיל קְיָמֵיהּ דְעִם אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיַעֲקֹב וְלָא אֲבָה לְחַבָּלוּתְהוֹן וְלָא אַגְלִינוּן מֵאֲרַע בֵּית שְׁכִינְתֵּיהּ עַד כְּעַן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But the LORD was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither hath He cast them from His presence until now.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.413/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:360`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 13:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.22/) - next →: [2 Kings 13:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.13.24/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/13/)