--- title: 2 Kings 17:16 — and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and mad… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal; Who acts: commandments. 2 Kings 17:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/17/) / 17:16 # 2 Kings 17:16 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** commandments · **What happens:** forsake, make, worship, serve, command · **To what, where:** commandments, molten images, Asherah, host, Baal, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 17:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — commandments — and what happens in the verse to commandments, molten images, Asherah, host, Baal, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעַזְב֗וּ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם מַסֵּכָ֖ה שְׁנֵ֣י עֲגָלִ֑ים וַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּ אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לְכָל־צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֶת־הַבָּֽעַל׃ [and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.523/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:465 # text = וַיַּעַזְב֗וּ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם מַסֵּכָ֖ה שְׁנֵ֣י עֲגָלִ֑ים וַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּ אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לְכָל־צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֶת־הַבָּֽעַל׃ # verse = 2KI.17.16 1-2 וַיַּעַזְב֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:16!1|MId=o120170160011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעַזְב֗וּ עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.forsook|Ref=2KI_17:16!1|MId=o120170160012|Strong=5800|Frame=A0:120170130032;A1:120170160041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_17:16!2|MId=o120170160021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_17:16!3|MId=o120170160031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5 מִצְוֺת֙ מִצְוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.commandments|Ref=2KI_17:16!4|MId=o120170160041|Strong=4687 6 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2KI_17:16!5|MId=o120170160051|Strong=3068 7-8 אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=2KI_17:16!6|MId=o120170160061|Strong=0430 8 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2KI_17:16!6|MId=o120170160062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:16!7|MId=o120170160071|Strong=2050b 10 יַּעֲשׂ֥וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.made|Ref=2KI_17:16!7|MId=o120170160072|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120170130032;A1:120170160091;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 לָהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2KI_17:16!8|MId=o120170160081|Strong=3807a 12 ָהֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=themselves|Ref=2KI_17:16!8|MId=o120170160082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 מַסֵּכָ֖ה מַסֵּכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=a.molten.image|Ref=2KI_17:16!9|MId=o120170160091|Strong=4541 14 שְׁנֵ֣י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 15 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=2KI_17:16!11|MId=o120170160111|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 15 עֲגָלִ֑ים עֵגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 appos _ Gloss=calves|Ref=2KI_17:16!12|MId=o120170160121|Strong=5695 16-17 וַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:16!13|MId=o120170160131|Strong=2050b 17 יַּעֲשׂ֣וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.made|Ref=2KI_17:16!13|MId=o120170160132|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120170130032;A1:120170160141;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה אֲשֵׁרָה PROPN _ _ 17 obj _ Gloss=an.Asherah.pole|Ref=2KI_17:16!14|MId=o120170160141|Strong=0842 19-20 וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:16!15|MId=o120170160151|Strong=2050b 20 יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.bowed.down|Ref=2KI_17:16!15|MId=o120170160152|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:120170130032;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 לְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_17:16!16|MId=o120170160161|Strong=3807a 22 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_17:16!16|MId=o120170160162|Strong=3605 23 צְבָ֣א צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.host|Ref=2KI_17:16!17|MId=o120170160171|Strong=6635 24-25 הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_17:16!18|MId=o120170160181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 שָּׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=2KI_17:16!18|MId=o120170160182|Strong=8064 26-27 וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:16!19|MId=o120170160191|Strong=2050b 27 יַּעַבְד֖וּ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.served|Ref=2KI_17:16!19|MId=o120170160192|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:120170130032;A1:120170160212;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_17:16!20|MId=o120170160201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 הַבָּֽעַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_17:16!21|MId=o120170160211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 בָּֽעַל בַּעַל PROPN _ _ 27 obj _ Gloss=Baal|Ref=2KI_17:16!21|MId=o120170160212|Strong=1168 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=2KI_17:16!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַזְבוּ *they forsook* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מִצְוֺת *the commandments* | | | | יַּעֲשׂוּ *they made* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מַסֵּכָה *a molten image* | | | | יַּעֲשׂוּ *they made* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֲשֵׁירָה *an Asherah pole* | | | | יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ *they bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | | | | | | יַּעַבְדוּ *they served* | wayyiqtol · qal | | בָּֽעַל *Baal* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁבַקוּ יַת כָּל פִקוּדַיָא דַייָ אֱלָהָהוֹן וַעֲבַדוּ לְהוֹן מַתְּכָא תְּרֵין עֶגְלִין וַעֲבָדוּ אֲשֵׁירָתָא וּסְגִידוּ לְכָל חֵילֵי שְׁמַיָא וּפְלַחוּ יַת בְּעָלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and they forsook all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.523/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:465`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 17:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.15/) - next →: [2 Kings 17:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.17/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/17/)