--- title: 2 Kings 17:4 — And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea; for he had sent… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea; for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt, and offered no present to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year; therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison. Who acts: king. 2 Kings 17:4 in Hebrew with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/17/) / 17:4 # 2 Kings 17:4 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** king · **What happens:** find, send, offer, do, shut up, bound · **To what, where:** conspiracy, Hoshea, messengers, king, present, prison This is 2 Kings 17:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to conspiracy, Hoshea, messengers, king, present, prison, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּמְצָא֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֨וּר בְּהוֹשֵׁ֜עַ קֶ֗שֶׁר אֲשֶׁ֨ר שָׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אֶל־ס֣וֹא מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֔יִם וְלֹא־הֶעֱלָ֥ה מִנְחָ֛ה לְמֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר כְּשָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֑ה וַֽיַּעַצְרֵ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֖הוּ בֵּ֥ית כֶּֽלֶא׃ [And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea; for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt, and offered no present to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year; therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.511/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:453 # text = וַיִּמְצָא֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֨וּר בְּהוֹשֵׁ֜עַ קֶ֗שֶׁר אֲשֶׁ֨ר שָׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אֶל־ס֣וֹא מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֔יִם וְלֹא־הֶעֱלָ֥ה מִנְחָ֛ה לְמֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר כְּשָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֑ה וַֽיַּעַצְרֵ֙הוּ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וַיַּאַסְרֵ֖הוּ בֵּ֥ית כֶּֽלֶא׃ # verse = 2KI.17.4 1-2 וַיִּמְצָא֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:4!1|MId=o120170040011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּמְצָא֩ מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.found|Ref=2KI_17:4!1|MId=o120170040012|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:120170040021;A1:120170040051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_17:4!2|MId=o120170040021|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 4 אַשּׁ֨וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Assyria|Ref=2KI_17:4!3|MId=o120170040031|Strong=0804 5-6 בְּהוֹשֵׁ֜עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_17:4!4|MId=o120170040041|Strong=0871a 6 הוֹשֵׁ֜עַ הוֹשֵׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Hoshea|Ref=2KI_17:4!4|MId=o120170040042|Strong=1954 7 קֶ֗שֶׁר קֶשֶׁר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=treason|Ref=2KI_17:4!5|MId=o120170040051|Strong=7195 8 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=2KI_17:4!6|MId=o120170040061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 שָׁלַ֤ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.sent|Ref=2KI_17:4!7|MId=o120170040071|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:120170040042;A1:120170040081;|Type=qatal 10 מַלְאָכִים֙ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=2KI_17:4!8|MId=o120170040081|Strong=4397 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_17:4!9|MId=o120170040091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 ס֣וֹא סוֹא PROPN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=So|Ref=2KI_17:4!10|MId=o120170040101|Strong=5471 13 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_17:4!11|MId=o120170040111|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 14 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=2KI_17:4!12|MId=o120170040121|Strong=4714 15-16 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:4!13|MId=o120170040131|Strong=2050b 16 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2KI_17:4!13|MId=o120170040132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 17 הֶעֱלָ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.had.brought.up|Ref=2KI_17:4!14|MId=o120170040141|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:120170040042;A0:120170040151;|Type=qatal 18 מִנְחָ֛ה מִנְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=tribute|Ref=2KI_17:4!15|MId=o120170040151|Strong=4503 19-20 לְמֶ֥לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_17:4!16|MId=o120170040161|Strong=3807a 20 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_17:4!16|MId=o120170040162|Strong=4428 21 אַשּׁ֖וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Assyria|Ref=2KI_17:4!17|MId=o120170040171|Strong=0804 22-23 כְּשָׁנָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=2KI_17:4!18|MId=o120170040181|Strong=3509a 23 שָׁנָ֣ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=a.year|Ref=2KI_17:4!18|MId=o120170040182|Strong=8141 24-25 בְשָׁנָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_17:4!19|MId=o120170040191|Strong=0871a 25 שָׁנָ֑ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 nmod _ Gloss=a.year|Ref=2KI_17:4!19|MId=o120170040192|Strong=8141 26-28 וַֽיַּעַצְרֵ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:4!20|MId=o120170040201|Strong=2050b 27 יַּעַצְר עָצַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_17:4!20|MId=o120170040202|Strong=6113|Frame=A1:120170040203;A0:120170040211;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 ֵ֙הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ Gloss=arrested.him|Ref=2KI_17:4!20|MId=o120170040203|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 29 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_17:4!21|MId=o120170040211|Strong=4428 30 אַשּׁ֔וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Assyria|Ref=2KI_17:4!22|MId=o120170040221|Strong=0804 31-33 וַיַּאַסְרֵ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:4!23|MId=o120170040231|Strong=2050b 32 יַּאַסְר אָסַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_17:4!23|MId=o120170040232|Strong=0631|Frame=A0:120170040211;A1:120170040233;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 ֵ֖הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ Gloss=confined.him|Ref=2KI_17:4!23|MId=o120170040233|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 34 בֵּ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=a.house|Ref=2KI_17:4!24|MId=o120170040241|Strong=1004 35 כֶּֽלֶא כֶּלֶא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.imprisonment|Ref=2KI_17:4!25|MId=o120170040251|Strong=3608|SpaceAfter=No 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=2KI_17:4!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּמְצָא *he found* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | קֶשֶׁר *treason* | | | | שָׁלַח *he had sent* | qatal · qal | הוֹשֵׁעַ *Hoshea* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | **not** הֶעֱלָה *he had brought up* | qatal · hiphil | מִנְחָה *tribute* | | | הוֹשֵׁעַ *Hoshea* | | יַּעַצְר *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | ֵהוּ *arrested him* | | | | יַּאַסְר *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | ֵהוּ *confined him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַשְׁכַּח מַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר בְּהוֹשֵׁעַ מֵירְדָא דִי שְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין לְוַת סוֹא מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם וְלָא אַסֵיק תִּקְרוּבְתָּא לְמַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר כִּשְׁנָא בִשְׁנָא וְאַחְדֵיהּ מַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר וְאַסְרֵיהּ בְּבֵית אַסִירֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea; for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt, and offered no present to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year; therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.511/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:453`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 17:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.3/) - next →: [2 Kings 17:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.5/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/17/)