--- title: 2 Kings 17:41 — So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images; th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images; their children likewise, and their children's children, as did their fathers, so do they unto this day. Who acts: nations. 2 Kings 17:41 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/17/) / 17:41 # 2 Kings 17:41 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** nations · **What happens:** fear, serve, image · **To what, where:** LORD, graven images This is 2 Kings 17:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations — and what happens in the verse to LORD, graven images, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּהְי֣וּ ׀ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְרֵאִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־פְּסִֽילֵיהֶ֖ם הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֑ים גַּם־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם ׀ וּבְנֵ֣י בְנֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֤וּ אֲבֹתָם֙ הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃פ [So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images; their children likewise, and their children's children, as did their fathers, so do they unto this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.549/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:490 # text = וַיִּהְי֣וּ ׀ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְרֵאִים֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־פְּסִֽילֵיהֶ֖ם הָי֣וּ עֹֽבְדִ֑ים גַּם־בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם ׀ וּבְנֵ֣י בְנֵיהֶ֗ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֤וּ אֲבֹתָם֙ הֵ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃פ # verse = 2KI.17.41 1-2 וַיִּהְי֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:41!1|MId=o120170410011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּהְי֣וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=2KI_17:41!1|MId=o120170410012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:120170410022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=2KI_17:41!1 4-5 הַגּוֹיִ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_17:41!2|MId=o120170410021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 גּוֹיִ֣ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=2KI_17:41!2|MId=o120170410022|Strong=1471 6-7 הָאֵ֗לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_17:41!3|MId=o120170410031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 אֵ֗לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 5 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=2KI_17:41!3|MId=o120170410032|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 8 יְרֵאִים֙ יָרֵא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=fearing|Ref=2KI_17:41!4|MId=o120170410041|Strong=3373|Type=adjective 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_17:41!5|MId=o120170410051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 8 obj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2KI_17:41!6|MId=o120170410061|Strong=3068 11-12 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:41!7|MId=o120170410071|Strong=2050b 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_17:41!7|MId=o120170410072|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13-14 פְּסִֽילֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 פְּסִֽילֵי פָּסִיל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=idols|Ref=2KI_17:41!8|MId=o120170410081|Strong=6456 14 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2KI_17:41!8|MId=o120170410082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15 הָי֣וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 16 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=2KI_17:41!9|MId=o120170410091|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:120170410121;120170410132;|Type=qatal 16 עֹֽבְדִ֑ים עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=serving|Ref=2KI_17:41!10|MId=o120170410101|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:120170410121;120170410132;A1:120170410081;|Type=participle_active 17 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=2KI_17:41!11|MId=o120170410111|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 בְּנֵיהֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=children|Ref=2KI_17:41!12|MId=o120170410121|Strong=1121 19 הֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2KI_17:41!12|MId=o120170410122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=2KI_17:41!12 21-22 וּבְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_17:41!13|MId=o120170410131|Strong=2050b 22 בְנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 conj _ Gloss=the.children|Ref=2KI_17:41!13|MId=o120170410132|Strong=1121 23-24 בְנֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=their.children|Ref=2KI_17:41!14|MId=o120170410141|Strong=1121 24 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2KI_17:41!14|MId=o120170410142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25-26 כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 31 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=2KI_17:41!15|MId=o120170410151|Strong=3509a 26 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=2KI_17:41!15|MId=o120170410152|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27 עָשׂ֤וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.did|Ref=2KI_17:41!16|MId=o120170410161|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120170410171;|Type=qatal 28-29 אֲבֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אֲבֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ Gloss=fathers|Ref=2KI_17:41!17|MId=o120170410171|Strong=0001 29 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2KI_17:41!17|MId=o120170410172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 הֵ֣ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=2KI_17:41!18|MId=o120170410181|Strong=1992|Type=personal 31 עֹשִׂ֔ים עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 parataxis _ Gloss=[are].doing|Ref=2KI_17:41!19|MId=o120170410191|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120170410181;|Type=participle_active 32 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=2KI_17:41!20|MId=o120170410201|Strong=5704 33-34 הַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_17:41!21|MId=o120170410211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2KI_17:41!21|MId=o120170410212|Strong=3117 35-36 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_17:41!22|MId=o120170410221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2KI_17:41!22|MId=o120170410222|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2KI_17:41!22|SpaceAfter=No 38 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2KI_17:41!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּהְיוּ *they were* | wayyiqtol · qal | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | בְּנֵי *children* + בְנֵי *the children* | | | | | עֹֽבְדִים *serving* | participle active · qal | בְּנֵי *children* + בְנֵי *the children* | פְּסִֽילֵי *idols* | | | | עָשׂוּ *they did* | qatal · qal | אֲבֹת *fathers* | | | | | עֹשִׂים *\[are\] doing* | participle active · qal | הֵם *they* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲווֹ עַמְמַיָא הָאִילֵין דַחֲלִין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְיַת צַלְמָנֵיהוֹן הֲווֹ פַלְחִין אַף בְּנֵיהוֹן וּבְנֵי בְנֵיהוֹן כְּמָא דַעֲבָדוּ אֲבָהַתְהוֹן אִינוּן עָבְדִין עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So these nations feared the LORD, and served their graven images; their children likewise, and their children's children, as did their fathers, so do they unto this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.549/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:490`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 17:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.17.40/) - next →: [2 Kings 18:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.1/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/17/)