--- title: 2 Kings 18:26 — Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Ra… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Aramean language; for we understand it; and speak not with us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.' Who acts: Eliakim, I, we, people. 2 Kings 18 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/18/) / 18:26 # 2 Kings 18:26 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** Eliakim, I, we, people · **What happens:** say, speak, pray, understand, not speak, be · **To what, where:** thee, language, wall · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 18:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Eliakim, I, we, people — and what happens in the verse to thee, language, wall, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִ֠לְקִיָּהוּ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨ה וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָֽה׃ [Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Aramean language; for we understand it; and speak not with us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.579/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:516 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִ֠לְקִיָּהוּ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨ה וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָֽה׃ # verse = 2KI.18.26 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_18:26!1|MId=o120180260011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_18:26!1|MId=o120180260012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120180260021;120180260052;120180260062;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶלְיָקִ֣ים אֶלְיָקִים PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Eliakim|Ref=2KI_18:26!2|MId=o120180260021|Strong=0471 4 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2KI_18:26!3|MId=o120180260031|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 5 חִ֠לְקִיָּהוּ חִלְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hilkiah|Ref=2KI_18:26!4|MId=o120180260041|Strong=2518a 6-7 וְשֶׁבְנָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_18:26!5|MId=o120180260051|Strong=2050b 7 שֶׁבְנָ֨ה שֶׁבְנָה PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Shebna|Ref=2KI_18:26!5|MId=o120180260052|Strong=7644 8-9 וְיוֹאָ֜ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_18:26!6|MId=o120180260061|Strong=2050b 9 יוֹאָ֜ח יוֹאָח PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Joah|Ref=2KI_18:26!6|MId=o120180260062|Strong=3098 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_18:26!7|MId=o120180260071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11 רַב־ רַב־שָׁקֵה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=[the].Rab-|Ref=2KI_18:26!8|MId=o120180260081|Strong=7262|SpaceAfter=No 12 שָׁקֵ֗ה רַבְשָׁקֵה PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=shaqeh|Ref=2KI_18:26!9|MId=o120180260091|Strong=7262 13 דַּבֶּר־ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=speak|Ref=2KI_18:26!10|MId=o120180260101|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:120180260081;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 14 נָ֤א נָא INTJ _ _ 13 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=2KI_18:26!11|MId=o120180260111|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 15 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_18:26!12|MId=o120180260121|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עֲבָדֶ֙י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=servants|Ref=2KI_18:26!13|MId=o120180260131|Strong=5650 17 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2KI_18:26!13|MId=o120180260132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 אֲרָמִ֔ית אֲרָמִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=Aramaic|Ref=2KI_18:26!14|MId=o120180260141|Strong=0762|Type=gentilic 19 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2KI_18:26!15|MId=o120180260151|Strong=3588 20 שֹׁמְעִ֖ים שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 13 advcl _ Gloss=[are].understanding|Ref=2KI_18:26!16|MId=o120180260161|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:120180260171;|Type=participle_active 21 אֲנָ֑חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=2KI_18:26!17|MId=o120180260171|Strong=0587|Type=personal 22-23 וְאַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_18:26!18|MId=o120180260181|Strong=2050b 23 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=2KI_18:26!18|MId=o120180260182|Strong=0408|Type=negative 24 תְּדַבֵּ֤ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 conj _ Gloss=speak|Ref=2KI_18:26!19|MId=o120180260191|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:120180260081;|Type=jussive 25-26 עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2KI_18:26!20|MId=o120180260201|Strong=5973 26 ָ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=2KI_18:26!20|MId=o120180260202|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 27 יְהוּדִ֔ית יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=Judean|Ref=2KI_18:26!21|MId=o120180260211|Strong=3066|Type=gentilic 28-29 בְּאָזְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_18:26!22|MId=o120180260221|Strong=0871a 29 אָזְנֵ֣י אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 24 obl _ Gloss=the.ears|Ref=2KI_18:26!22|MId=o120180260222|Strong=0241 30-31 הָעָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_18:26!23|MId=o120180260231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 עָ֔ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2KI_18:26!23|MId=o120180260232|Strong=5971 32 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_18:26!24|MId=o120180260241|Strong=0834|Type=relative 33 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=2KI_18:26!25|MId=o120180260251|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 34-35 הַחֹמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_18:26!26|MId=o120180260261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 חֹמָֽה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 acl:relcl _ Gloss=wall|Ref=2KI_18:26!26|MId=o120180260262|Strong=2346 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=2KI_18:26!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶלְיָקִים *Eliakim* + שֶׁבְנָה *Shebna* + יוֹאָח *Joah* | | | | | דַּבֶּר־ *speak* | imperative · piel | רַב־ *\[the\] Rab-* | | | | | שֹׁמְעִים *\[are\] understanding* | participle active · qal | אֲנָחְנוּ *we* | | | | | **not** תְּדַבֵּר *speak* | jussive · piel | רַב־ *\[the\] Rab-* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר אֶלְיָקִים בַּר חִלְקִיָה וְשֶׁבְנָה וְיוֹאָח לְרַבְשָׁקֵה מַלֵל כְּעַן עִם עַבְדָךְ אֲרָמִית אֲרֵי שָׁמְעִין אֲנַחֲנָא וְלָא תְמַלֵיל עִמָנָא יְהוּדִית קֳדָם עַמָא דְעַל שׁוּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then said Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, and Shebnah, and Joah, unto Rab-shakeh: 'Speak, I pray thee, to thy servants in the Aramean language; for we understand it; and speak not with us in the Jews' language, in the ears of the people that are on the wall.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.579/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:516`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 18:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.25/) - next →: [2 Kings 18:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.27/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/18/)