--- title: 2 Kings 18:9 — And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it. Who acts: tower, fourth year, Shalmaneser king. 2 Kings 18:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/18/) / 18:9 # 2 Kings 18:9 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** tower, fourth year, Shalmaneser king · **What happens:** come, pass, be, come up, besiege · **To what, where:** seventh year, Samaria, tower This is 2 Kings 18:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — tower, fourth year, Shalmaneser king — and what happens in the verse to seventh year, Samaria, tower, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִ֞י בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ הִ֚יא הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בֶּן־אֵלָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עָלָ֞ה שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֛וּר עַל־שֹׁמְר֖וֹן וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽיהָ׃ [And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.558/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:499 # text = וַֽיְהִ֞י בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ הִ֚יא הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בֶּן־אֵלָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עָלָ֞ה שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֛וּר עַל־שֹׁמְר֖וֹן וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽיהָ׃ # verse = 2KI.18.9 1-2 וַֽיְהִ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_18:9!1|MId=o120180090011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֞י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2KI_18:9!1|MId=o120180090012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_18:9!2|MId=o120180090021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_18:9!2|MId=o120180090021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 שָּׁנָ֤ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=2KI_18:9!2|MId=o120180090022|Strong=8141 6-7 הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_18:9!3|MId=o120180090031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 רְבִיעִית֙ רְבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 nummod _ Gloss=fourth|Ref=2KI_18:9!3|MId=o120180090032|Strong=7243|Type=ordinal_number 8-10 לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_18:9!4|MId=o120180090041|Strong=3807a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_18:9!4|MId=o120180090041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nmod _ Gloss=king|Ref=2KI_18:9!4|MId=o120180090042|Strong=4428 11 חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ חִזְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 10 appos _ Gloss=Hezekiah|Ref=2KI_18:9!5|MId=o120180090051|Strong=2396a 12 הִ֚יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=2KI_18:9!6|MId=o120180090061|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 13-14 הַשָּׁנָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=[was].the|Ref=2KI_18:9!7|MId=o120180090071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 שָּׁנָ֣ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 acl _ Gloss=year|Ref=2KI_18:9!7|MId=o120180090072|Strong=8141 15-16 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_18:9!8|MId=o120180090081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 שְּׁבִיעִ֔ית שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=2KI_18:9!8|MId=o120180090082|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 17-18 לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_18:9!9|MId=o120180090091|Strong=3807a 18 הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ הוֹשֵׁעַ PROPN _ _ 14 nmod _ Gloss=Hoshea|Ref=2KI_18:9!9|MId=o120180090092|Strong=1954 19 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2KI_18:9!10|MId=o120180090101|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 20 אֵלָ֖ה אֵלָה PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Elah|Ref=2KI_18:9!11|MId=o120180090111|Strong=0425 21 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_18:9!12|MId=o120180090121|Strong=4428 22 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2KI_18:9!13|MId=o120180090131|Strong=3478 23 עָלָ֞ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.came.up|Ref=2KI_18:9!14|MId=o120180090141|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:120180090151;|Type=qatal 24 שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Shalmaneser|Ref=2KI_18:9!15|MId=o120180090151|Strong=8022 25 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_18:9!16|MId=o120180090161|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 26 אַשּׁ֛וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Assyria|Ref=2KI_18:9!17|MId=o120180090171|Strong=0804 27 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_18:9!18|MId=o120180090181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 28 שֹׁמְר֖וֹן שֹׁמְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 23 obl _ Gloss=Samaria|Ref=2KI_18:9!19|MId=o120180090191|Strong=8111 29-30 וַיָּ֥צַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_18:9!20|MId=o120180090201|Strong=2050b 30 יָּ֥צַר צוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.laid.siege|Ref=2KI_18:9!20|MId=o120180090202|Strong=6696|Frame=A0:120180090151;|Type=wayyiqtol 31-32 עָלֶֽיהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 עָלֶֽי עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_18:9!21|MId=o120180090211|Strong=5921 32 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=2KI_18:9!21|MId=o120180090212|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=2KI_18:9!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *he came up* | qatal · qal | שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר *Shalmaneser* | | | | | יָּצַר *he laid siege* | wayyiqtol · qal | שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר *Shalmaneser* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּשַׁתָּא רְבִיעֵיתָא לְמַלְכָּא חִזְקִיָה הִיא שַׁתָּא שְׁבִיעֵיתָא לְהוֹשֵׁעַ בַּר אֵלָה מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל סְלִיק שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר מַלְכָּא דְאַתּוּר עַל שֹׁמְרוֹן וְצָר עֲלָהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.558/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:499`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 18:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.8/) - next →: [2 Kings 18:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.18.10/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/18/)