--- title: 2 Kings 19:12 — Have the gods of the nations delivered them, which my fathers have d… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Have the gods of the nations delivered them, which my fathers have destroyed, Gozan, and Haran, and Rezeph, and the children of Eden that were in Telassar? Who acts: gods, fathers, children. 2 Kings 19:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/19/) / 19:12 # 2 Kings 19:12 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** gods, fathers, children · **What happens:** deliver, destroy, be · **To what, where:** nations, Telassar This is 2 Kings 19:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — gods, fathers, children — and what happens in the verse to nations, Telassar, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַהִצִּ֨ילוּ אֹתָ֜ם אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁחֲת֣וּ אֲבוֹתַ֔י אֶת־גּוֹזָ֖ן וְאֶת־חָרָ֑ן וְרֶ֥צֶף וּבְנֵי־עֶ֖דֶן אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּתְלַאשָּֽׂר׃ [Have the gods of the nations delivered them, which my fathers have destroyed, Gozan, and Haran, and Rezeph, and the children of Eden that were in Telassar?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.602/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:539 # text = הַהִצִּ֨ילוּ אֹתָ֜ם אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁחֲת֣וּ אֲבוֹתַ֔י אֶת־גּוֹזָ֖ן וְאֶת־חָרָ֑ן וְרֶ֥צֶף וּבְנֵי־עֶ֖דֶן אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּתְלַאשָּֽׂר׃ # verse = 2KI.19.12 1-2 הַהִצִּ֨ילוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ PART _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=did|Ref=2KI_19:12!1|MId=o120190120011|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 2 הִצִּ֨ילוּ נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.deliver?|Ref=2KI_19:12!1|MId=o120190120012|Strong=5337|Frame=A0:120190120022;AA:120190120031;|Type=qatal 3-4 אֹתָ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2KI_19:12!2|MId=o120190120021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 4 ָ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2KI_19:12!2|MId=o120190120022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.gods|Ref=2KI_19:12!3|MId=o120190120031|Strong=0430 6-7 הַגּוֹיִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_19:12!4|MId=o120190120041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 גּוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.nations|Ref=2KI_19:12!4|MId=o120190120042|Strong=1471 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_19:12!5|MId=o120190120051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 שִׁחֲת֣וּ שָׁחַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.destroyed|Ref=2KI_19:12!6|MId=o120190120061|Strong=7843|Frame=A0:120190120071;A1:120190120042;|Type=qatal 10-11 אֲבוֹתַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֲבוֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=2KI_19:12!7|MId=o120190120071|Strong=0001 11 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2KI_19:12!7|MId=o120190120072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_19:12!8|MId=o120190120081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13 גּוֹזָ֖ן גּוֹזָן PROPN _ _ 7 appos _ Gloss=Gozan|Ref=2KI_19:12!9|MId=o120190120091|Strong=1470 14-15 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_19:12!10|MId=o120190120101|Strong=2050b 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_19:12!10|MId=o120190120102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 חָרָ֑ן חָרָן PROPN _ _ 13 conj _ Gloss=Haran|Ref=2KI_19:12!11|MId=o120190120111|Strong=2771a 17-18 וְרֶ֥צֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_19:12!12|MId=o120190120121|Strong=2050b 18 רֶ֥צֶף רֶצֶף PROPN _ _ 13 conj _ Gloss=Rezeph|Ref=2KI_19:12!12|MId=o120190120122|Strong=7530 19-20 וּבְנֵי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_19:12!13|MId=o120190120131|Strong=2050b 20 בְנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2KI_19:12!13|MId=o120190120132|Strong=1121 21 עֶ֖דֶן עֶדֶן PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Eden|Ref=2KI_19:12!14|MId=o120190120141|Strong=5729 22 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2KI_19:12!15|MId=o120190120151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 23-24 בִּתְלַאשָּֽׂר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=[were].in|Ref=2KI_19:12!16|MId=o120190120161|Strong=0871a 24 תְלַאשָּֽׂר תְּלַאשָּׂר PROPN _ _ 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=Telassar|Ref=2KI_19:12!16|MId=o120190120162|Strong=8515 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2KI_19:12!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִצִּילוּ *they deliver?* | qatal · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | אֱלֹהֵי *the gods* | | שִׁחֲתוּ *they destroyed* | qatal · piel | אֲבוֹת *ancestors* | גּוֹיִם *the nations* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הֲשֵׁיזָבָא יַתְהוֹן דַחֲלַת עַמְמַיָא דְחַבִּילוּ אֲבָהָתַי יַת גוֹזָן וְיַת חָרָן וְרֶצֶף וּבְנֵי עֶדֶן דְבִתְלַסָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Have the gods of the nations delivered them, which my fathers have destroyed, Gozan, and Haran, and Rezeph, and the children of Eden that were in Telassar?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.602/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:539`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 19:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.11/) - next →: [2 Kings 19:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/19/)