--- title: 2 Kings 19:23 — By the messengers thou hast taunted the Lord, and hast said: With th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: By the messengers thou hast taunted the Lord, and hast said: With the multitude of my chariots am I come up to the height of the mountains, to the innermost parts of Lebanon; and I have cut down the tall cedars thereof, and the choice cypresses thereof; and I have entered into his farthest lodge, th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/19/) / 19:23 # 2 Kings 19:23 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** thou, I · **What happens:** taunt, say, come up, cut down, enter · **To what, where:** Lord, height, tall cedars, farthest lodge · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 19:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, I — and what happens in the verse to Lord, height, tall cedars, farthest lodge, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּיַ֣ד מַלְאָכֶיךָ֮ חֵרַ֣פְתָּ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר בְּרֹ֥ב רִכְבִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י עָלִ֛יתִי מְר֥וֹם הָרִ֖ים יַרְכְּתֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן וְאֶכְרֹ֞ת קוֹמַ֤ת אֲרָזָיו֙ מִבְח֣וֹר בְּרֹשָׁ֔יו וְאָב֙וֹאָה֙ מְל֣וֹן קִצֹּ֔היַ֖עַר כַּרְמִלּֽוֹ׃ [By the messengers thou hast taunted the Lord, and hast said: With the multitude of my chariots am I come up to the height of the mountains, to the innermost parts of Lebanon; and I have cut down the tall cedars thereof, and the choice cypresses thereof; and I have entered into his farthest lodge, the forest of his fruitful field.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.614/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:550 # text = בְּיַ֣ד מַלְאָכֶיךָ֮ חֵרַ֣פְתָּ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר בְּרֹ֥ב רִכְבִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י עָלִ֛יתִי מְר֥וֹם הָרִ֖ים יַרְכְּתֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן וְאֶכְרֹ֞ת קוֹמַ֤ת אֲרָזָיו֙ מִבְח֣וֹר בְּרֹשָׁ֔יו וְאָב֙וֹאָה֙ מְל֣וֹן קִצֹּ֔היַ֖עַר כַּרְמִלּֽוֹ׃ # verse = 2KI.19.23 1-2 בְּיַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=2KI_19:23!1|MId=o120190230011|Strong=0871a 2 יַ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=2KI_19:23!1|MId=o120190230012|Strong=3027 3-4 מַלְאָכֶיךָ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מַלְאָכֶי מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.messengers|Ref=2KI_19:23!2|MId=o120190230021|Strong=4397 4 ךָ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2KI_19:23!2|MId=o120190230022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 חֵרַ֣פְתָּ חָרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.have.taunted|Ref=2KI_19:23!3|MId=o120190230031|Strong=2778|Frame=A0:120190200171;A1:120190230041;|Type=qatal 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=2KI_19:23!3 7-8 אֲדֹנָי֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=2KI_19:23!4|MId=o120190230041|Strong=0136 8 ָי֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=2KI_19:23!4|MId=o120190230042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וַתֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_19:23!5|MId=o120190230051|Strong=2050b 10 תֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you.have.said|Ref=2KI_19:23!5|MId=o120190230052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120190200171;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 בְּרֹ֥ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2KI_19:23!7|MId=o120190230071|Strong=0871a 12 רֹ֥ב רֹב NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=the.abundance|Ref=2KI_19:23!7|MId=o120190230072|Strong=7230 13-14 רִכְבִּ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 רִכְבּ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.chariotry|Ref=2KI_19:23!8|MId=o120190230081|Strong=7393 14 ִ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2KI_19:23!8|MId=o120190230082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15 אֲנִ֥י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2KI_19:23!9|MId=o120190230091|Strong=0589|Type=personal 16 עָלִ֛יתִי עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 ccomp _ Gloss=I.have.gone.up|Ref=2KI_19:23!10|MId=o120190230101|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:120190230091;|Type=qatal 17 מְר֥וֹם מָרוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=[the].height[s]|Ref=2KI_19:23!11|MId=o120190230111|Strong=4791 18 הָרִ֖ים הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.mountains|Ref=2KI_19:23!12|MId=o120190230121|Strong=2022 19 יַרְכְּתֵ֣י יַרְכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 17 conj _ Gloss=the.remotest.parts|Ref=2KI_19:23!13|MId=o120190230131|Strong=3411 20 לְבָנ֑וֹן לְבָנוֹן PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Lebanon|Ref=2KI_19:23!14|MId=o120190230141|Strong=3844 21-22 וְאֶכְרֹ֞ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_19:23!15|MId=o120190230151|Strong=2050b 22 אֶכְרֹ֞ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 16 conj _ Gloss=I.have.cut.down|Ref=2KI_19:23!15|MId=o120190230152|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:120190200171;A1:120190230161;120190230181;|Type=yiqtol 23 קוֹמַ֤ת קוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=the.height|Ref=2KI_19:23!16|MId=o120190230161|Strong=6967 24-25 אֲרָזָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אֲרָזָי אֶרֶז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=its.cedars|Ref=2KI_19:23!17|MId=o120190230171|Strong=0730 25 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_19:23!17|MId=o120190230172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 מִבְח֣וֹר מִבְחֹור NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=the.choice|Ref=2KI_19:23!18|MId=o120190230181|Strong=4004 27-28 בְּרֹשָׁ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בְּרֹשָׁ֔י בְּרוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=its.pines|Ref=2KI_19:23!19|MId=o120190230191|Strong=1265 28 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_19:23!19|MId=o120190230192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 29-30 וְאָב֙וֹאָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_19:23!20|MId=o120190230201|Strong=2050b 30 אָב֙וֹאָה֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 16 conj _ Gloss=I.have.gone|Ref=2KI_19:23!20|MId=o120190230202|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:120190200171;|Type=cohortative 31 מְל֣וֹן מָלוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=the.lodging.place|Ref=2KI_19:23!21|MId=o120190230211|Strong=4411 32-34 קִצֹּ֔היַ֖עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 קִצּ קֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=its.end|Ref=2KI_19:23!22|MId=o120190230221|Strong=7093 33 ֹ֔ה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_19:23!22|MId=o120190230222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 יַ֖עַר יַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=the.forest|Ref=2KI_19:23!23|MId=o120190230231|Strong=3293 35-36 כַּרְמִלּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 כַּרְמִלּ כַּרְמֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=its.plantation|Ref=2KI_19:23!24|MId=o120190230241|Strong=3759 36 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_19:23!24|MId=o120190230242|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2KI_19:23!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חֵרַפְתָּ *you have taunted* | qatal · piel | | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | תֹּאמֶר *you have said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | עָלִיתִי *I have gone up* | qatal · qal | אֲנִי *I* | | | | | אֶכְרֹת *I have cut down* | yiqtol · qal | | קוֹמַת *the height* + מִבְחוֹר *the choice* | | | | אָבוֹאָה *I have gone* | cohortative · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּיַד אִזְגַדָךְ חֲסֵידְתָּא עַמָא דַייָ וַאֲמַרְתָּ בִּסְגִיאוּת רְתִיכִי אֲנָא סְלֵיקִית לִתְקוֹף כְּרַכֵּיהוֹן אַף אֵיחוֹד בֵּית מַקְדַשְׁהוֹן וְאֶקְטוֹל שְׁפַר גִבָּרֵיהוֹן מִבְחַר שִׁלְטוֹנֵיהוֹן וְאַכְבֵּישׁ קִרְיַת תּוּקְפֵיהוֹן וֶאֱשֵׁיצֵי סַגִי מַשִׁרְיַתְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [By the messengers thou hast taunted the Lord, and hast said: With the multitude of my chariots am I come up to the height of the mountains, to the innermost parts of Lebanon; and I have cut down the tall cedars thereof, and the choice cypresses thereof; and I have entered into his farthest lodge, the forest of his fruitful field.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.614/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:550`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 19:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.22/) - next →: [2 Kings 19:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.19.24/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/19/)