--- title: 2 Kings 22:8 — And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe: 'I have fo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe: 'I have found the book of the Law in the house of the LORD.' And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan, and he read it. Who acts: Hilkiah, I. 2 Kings 22:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/22/) / 22:8 # 2 Kings 22:8 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** Hilkiah, I · **What happens:** say, find, deliver, read · **To what, where:** book, house, Shaphan · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 22:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Hilkiah, I — and what happens in the verse to book, house, Shaphan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַ֠יֹּאמֶר חִלְקִיָּ֜הוּ הַכֹּהֵ֤ן הַגָּדוֹל֙ עַל־שָׁפָ֣ן הַסֹּפֵ֔ר סֵ֧פֶר הַתּוֹרָ֛ה מָצָ֖אתִי בְּבֵ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתֵּ֨ן חִלְקִיָּ֧ה אֶת־הַסֵּ֛פֶר אֶל־שָׁפָ֖ן וַיִּקְרָאֵֽהוּ׃ [And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe: 'I have found the book of the Law in the house of the LORD.' And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan, and he read it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.685/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:619 # text = וַ֠יֹּאמֶר חִלְקִיָּ֜הוּ הַכֹּהֵ֤ן הַגָּדוֹל֙ עַל־שָׁפָ֣ן הַסֹּפֵ֔ר סֵ֧פֶר הַתּוֹרָ֛ה מָצָ֖אתִי בְּבֵ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתֵּ֨ן חִלְקִיָּ֧ה אֶת־הַסֵּ֛פֶר אֶל־שָׁפָ֖ן וַיִּקְרָאֵֽהוּ׃ # verse = 2KI.22.8 1-2 וַ֠יֹּאמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_22:8!1|MId=o120220080011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_22:8!1|MId=o120220080012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120220080021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 חִלְקִיָּ֜הוּ חִלְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Hilkiah|Ref=2KI_22:8!2|MId=o120220080021|Strong=2518a 4-5 הַכֹּהֵ֤ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_22:8!3|MId=o120220080031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 כֹּהֵ֤ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=priest|Ref=2KI_22:8!3|MId=o120220080032|Strong=3548 6-7 הַגָּדוֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_22:8!4|MId=o120220080041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 גָּדוֹל֙ גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2KI_22:8!4|MId=o120220080042|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_22:8!5|MId=o120220080051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9 שָׁפָ֣ן שָׁפָן PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Shaphan|Ref=2KI_22:8!6|MId=o120220080061|Strong=8227a 10-11 הַסֹּפֵ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_22:8!7|MId=o120220080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 סֹּפֵ֔ר סֹפֵר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=scribe|Ref=2KI_22:8!7|MId=o120220080072|Strong=5608a 12 סֵ֧פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=the.scroll|Ref=2KI_22:8!8|MId=o120220080081|Strong=5612 13-14 הַתּוֹרָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_22:8!9|MId=o120220080091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 תּוֹרָ֛ה תּוֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.law|Ref=2KI_22:8!9|MId=o120220080092|Strong=8451 15 מָצָ֖אתִי מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=I.have.found|Ref=2KI_22:8!10|MId=o120220080101|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:120220080021;A1:120220080081;|Type=qatal 16-17 בְּבֵ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_22:8!11|MId=o120220080111|Strong=0871a 17 בֵ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=2KI_22:8!11|MId=o120220080112|Strong=1004 18 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2KI_22:8!12|MId=o120220080121|Strong=3068 19-20 וַיִּתֵּ֨ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_22:8!13|MId=o120220080131|Strong=2050b 20 יִּתֵּ֨ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.gave|Ref=2KI_22:8!13|MId=o120220080132|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:120220080141;A1:120220080162;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 חִלְקִיָּ֧ה חִלְקִיָּה PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Hilkiah|Ref=2KI_22:8!14|MId=o120220080141|Strong=2518 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_22:8!15|MId=o120220080151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 הַסֵּ֛פֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_22:8!16|MId=o120220080161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 סֵּ֛פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=scroll|Ref=2KI_22:8!16|MId=o120220080162|Strong=5612 25 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_22:8!17|MId=o120220080171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 26 שָׁפָ֖ן שָׁפָן PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Shaphan|Ref=2KI_22:8!18|MId=o120220080181|Strong=8227a 27-29 וַיִּקְרָאֵֽהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_22:8!19|MId=o120220080191|Strong=2050b 28 יִּקְרָא קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_22:8!19|MId=o120220080192|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:120220080181;A1:120220080193;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 ֵֽהוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=read.it|Ref=2KI_22:8!19|MId=o120220080193|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=2KI_22:8!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | חִלְקִיָּהוּ *Hilkiah* | | | | | מָצָאתִי *I have found* | qatal · qal | חִלְקִיָּהוּ *Hilkiah* | סֵפֶר *the scroll* | | | | יִּתֵּן *he gave* | wayyiqtol · qal | חִלְקִיָּה *Hilkiah* | סֵּפֶר *scroll* | | | | יִּקְרָא *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | שָׁפָן *Shaphan* | ֵֽהוּ *read it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר חִלְקִיָה כַּהֲנָא רַבָא לְשָׁפָן סַפְרָא סִפְרָא דְאוֹרַיְתָא אַשְׁכָּחִית בְּבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ וִיהַב חִלְקִיָה יַת סַפְרָא לְשָׁפָן וְקָרָהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe: 'I have found the book of the Law in the house of the LORD.' And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan, and he read it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.685/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:619`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 22:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.7/) - next →: [2 Kings 22:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.22.9/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/22/)