--- title: 2 Kings 23:19 — And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. Who acts: high places, kings, houses, Josiah. 2 Kings 23:19 in Hebrew with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/) / 23:19 # 2 Kings 23:19 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** high places, kings, houses, Josiah · **What happens:** be, make, provoke, take away, do, accord · **To what, where:** cities, high places, LORD, men, acts, Beth el This is 2 Kings 23:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — high places, kings, houses, Josiah — and what happens in the verse to cities, high places, LORD, men, acts, Beth el, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְגַם֩ אֶת־כָּל־בָּתֵּ֨י הַבָּמ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּעָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֗וֹן אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֜וּ מַלְכֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְהַכְעִ֔יס הֵסִ֖יר יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ וַיַּ֣עַשׂ לָהֶ֔ם כְּכָל־הַֽמַּעֲשִׂ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּבֵֽית־אֵֽלבֵֽית־אֵֽל׃ [And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.716/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:650 # text = וְגַם֩ אֶת־כָּל־בָּתֵּ֨י הַבָּמ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּעָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֗וֹן אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֜וּ מַלְכֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְהַכְעִ֔יס הֵסִ֖יר יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ וַיַּ֣עַשׂ לָהֶ֔ם כְּכָל־הַֽמַּעֲשִׂ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּבֵֽית־אֵֽלבֵֽית־אֵֽל׃ # verse = 2KI.23.19 1-2 וְגַם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:19!1|MId=o120230190011|Strong=2050b 2 גַם֩ גַּם ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=2KI_23:19!1|MId=o120230190012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_23:19!2|MId=o120230190021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_23:19!3|MId=o120230190031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5 בָּתֵּ֨י בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.houses|Ref=2KI_23:19!4|MId=o120230190041|Strong=1004 6-7 הַבָּמ֜וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_23:19!5|MId=o120230190051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 בָּמ֜וֹת בָּמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.high.places|Ref=2KI_23:19!5|MId=o120230190052|Strong=1116 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_23:19!6|MId=o120230190061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ Ref=2KI_23:19!6 10-11 בְּעָרֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[were].in|Ref=2KI_23:19!7|MId=o120230190071|Strong=0871a 11 עָרֵ֣י עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.cities|Ref=2KI_23:19!7|MId=o120230190072|Strong=5892 12 שֹׁמְר֗וֹן שֹׁמְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Samaria|Ref=2KI_23:19!8|MId=o120230190081|Strong=8111 13 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_23:19!9|MId=o120230190091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14 עָשׂ֜וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.made|Ref=2KI_23:19!10|MId=o120230190101|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120230190111;A1:120230190041;|Type=qatal 15 מַלְכֵ֤י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ Gloss=the.kings|Ref=2KI_23:19!11|MId=o120230190111|Strong=4428 16 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2KI_23:19!12|MId=o120230190121|Strong=3478 17-18 לְהַכְעִ֔יס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_23:19!13|MId=o120230190131|Strong=3807a 18 הַכְעִ֔יס כָּעַס VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 14 advcl _ Gloss=provoke.anger|Ref=2KI_23:19!13|MId=o120230190132|Strong=3707|Frame=AA:120230190111;A0:120230160242;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 הֵסִ֖יר סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.removed|Ref=2KI_23:19!14|MId=o120230190141|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:120230190041;AA:120230190151;|Type=qatal 20 יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Josiah|Ref=2KI_23:19!15|MId=o120230190151|Strong=2977a 21-22 וַיַּ֣עַשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:19!16|MId=o120230190161|Strong=2050b 22 יַּ֣עַשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 conj _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=2KI_23:19!16|MId=o120230190162|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120230190151;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 לָהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_23:19!17|MId=o120230190171|Strong=3807a 24 ָהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2KI_23:19!17|MId=o120230190172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25-26 כְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=2KI_23:19!18|MId=o120230190181|Strong=3509a 26 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=to.all|Ref=2KI_23:19!18|MId=o120230190182|Strong=3605 27-28 הַֽמַּעֲשִׂ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_23:19!19|MId=o120230190191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 מַּעֲשִׂ֔ים מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=deeds|Ref=2KI_23:19!19|MId=o120230190192|Strong=4639 29 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_23:19!20|MId=o120230190201|Strong=0834|Type=relative 30 עָשָׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.done|Ref=2KI_23:19!21|MId=o120230190211|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:120230190151;A1:120230190192;|Type=qatal 31-33 בְּבֵֽית־אֵֽלבֵֽית־אֵֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=2KI_23:19!22|MId=o120230190221|Strong=0871a 32 בֵֽית־אֵֽל בֵּית־אֵל PROPN _ _ 30 obl _ Gloss=Bethel|Ref=2KI_23:19!22|MId=o120230190222 33 בֵֽית־אֵֽל בֵּיתְאֵל PROPN _ _ 32 nmod _ Gloss=Bethel|Ref=2KI_23:19!23|MId=o120230190231 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=2KI_23:19!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשׂוּ *they had made* | qatal · qal | מַלְכֵי *the kings* | בָּתֵּי *the houses* | | | | הַכְעִיס *provoke anger* | infinitive construct · hiphil | | | | מַלְכֵי *the kings* | | הֵסִיר *he removed* | qatal · hiphil | בָּתֵּי *the houses* | | | יֹֽאשִׁיָּהוּ *Josiah* | | יַּעַשׂ *he did* | wayyiqtol · qal | יֹֽאשִׁיָּהוּ *Josiah* | | | | | עָשָׂה *he had done* | qatal · qal | יֹֽאשִׁיָּהוּ *Josiah* | מַּעֲשִׂים *deeds* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַף יַת כָּל בָּתֵּי בָּמָתָא דִי בְּקִירְוֵי שֹׁמְרוֹן דִי עֲבָדוּ מַלְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאַרְגָזָא פַּלֵי יֹאשִׁיָהוּ וַעֲבַד לְהוֹן כְּכָל עֲבִידָא דַעֲבַד בְבֵית אֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the LORD, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.716/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:650`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 23:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.18/) - next →: [2 Kings 23:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.20/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/)