--- title: 2 Kings 23:23 — but in the eighteenth year of king Josiah was this passover kept to… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: but in the eighteenth year of king Josiah was this passover kept to the LORD in Jerusalem. 2 Kings 23:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/) / 23:23 # 2 Kings 23:23 מְלָכִים ב **What happens:** keep · **To what, where:** passover, Jerusalem This is 2 Kings 23:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to passover, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֗י אִם־בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ נַעֲשָׂ֞ה הַפֶּ֧סַח הַזֶּ֛ה לַיהוָ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ [but in the eighteenth year of king Josiah was this passover kept to the LORD in Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.720/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:654 # text = כִּ֗י אִם־בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ נַעֲשָׂ֞ה הַפֶּ֧סַח הַזֶּ֛ה לַיהוָ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ # verse = 2KI.23.23 1 כִּ֗י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2KI_23:23!1|MId=o120230230011|Strong=3588 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 1 fixed _ Gloss=(if)|Ref=2KI_23:23!2|MId=o120230230021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_23:23!3|MId=o120230230031|Strong=0871a 4 שְׁמֹנֶ֤ה שְׁמֹנֶה NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ Gloss=eight-|Ref=2KI_23:23!3|MId=o120230230032|Strong=8083|Type=cardinal_number 5 עֶשְׂרֵה֙ עֶשְׂרֵה NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 flat _ Gloss=teen|Ref=2KI_23:23!4|MId=o120230230041|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 6 שָׁנָ֔ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=2KI_23:23!5|MId=o120230230051|Strong=8141 7-9 לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_23:23!6|MId=o120230230061|Strong=3807a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_23:23!6|MId=o120230230061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nmod _ Gloss=king|Ref=2KI_23:23!6|MId=o120230230062|Strong=4428 10 יֹֽאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 9 appos _ Gloss=Josiah|Ref=2KI_23:23!7|MId=o120230230071|Strong=2977a 11 נַעֲשָׂ֞ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.observed|Ref=2KI_23:23!8|MId=o120230230081|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:120230230092;|Type=qatal 12-13 הַפֶּ֧סַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_23:23!9|MId=o120230230091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 פֶּ֧סַח פֶּסַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=passover|Ref=2KI_23:23!9|MId=o120230230092|Strong=6453 14-15 הַזֶּ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_23:23!10|MId=o120230230101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 זֶּ֛ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 13 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2KI_23:23!10|MId=o120230230102|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 16-17 לַיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_23:23!11|MId=o120230230111|Strong=3807a 17 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2KI_23:23!11|MId=o120230230112|Strong=3068 18-19 בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_23:23!12|MId=o120230230121|Strong=0871a 19 ירוּשָׁלִָֽם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=2KI_23:23!12|MId=o120230230122|Strong=3389 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=2KI_23:23!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נַעֲשָׂה *it was observed* | qatal · niphal | | פֶּסַח *passover* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֱלָהִין בְּתַמְנֵי עַסְרֵי שְׁנִין לְמַלְכָּא יֹאשִׁיָהוּ אִתְעַבַד פִּסְחָא הָדֵין קֳדָם יְיָ בִּירוּשְׁלֵם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [but in the eighteenth year of king Josiah was this passover kept to the LORD in Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.720/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:654`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 23:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.22/) - next →: [2 Kings 23:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.24/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/)