--- title: 2 Kings 23:4 — And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the Asherah, and for all the host of heaven; and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fie --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/) / 23:4 # 2 Kings 23:4 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** king · **What happens:** command, bring, make, burn, carry · **To what, where:** Hilkiah, vessels, temple, fields, ashes · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 23:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to Hilkiah, vessels, temple, fields, ashes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְצַ֣ו הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת־חִלְקִיָּהוּ֩ הַכֹּהֵ֨ן הַגָּד֜וֹל וְאֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁנֶה֮ וְאֶת־שֹׁמְרֵ֣י הַסַּף֒ לְהוֹצִיא֙ מֵהֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֗ים הָֽעֲשׂוּיִם֙ לַבַּ֣עַל וְלָֽאֲשֵׁרָ֔ה וּלְכֹ֖ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַֽיִּשְׂרְפֵ֞ם מִח֤וּץ לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ בְּשַׁדְמ֣וֹת קִדְר֔וֹן וְנָשָׂ֥א אֶת־עֲפָרָ֖ם בֵּֽית־אֵֽלבֵּֽית־אֵֽל׃ [And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the Asherah, and for all the host of heaven; and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Beth-el.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.701/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:635 # text = וַיְצַ֣ו הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת־חִלְקִיָּהוּ֩ הַכֹּהֵ֨ן הַגָּד֜וֹל וְאֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁנֶה֮ וְאֶת־שֹׁמְרֵ֣י הַסַּף֒ לְהוֹצִיא֙ מֵהֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֗ים הָֽעֲשׂוּיִם֙ לַבַּ֣עַל וְלָֽאֲשֵׁרָ֔ה וּלְכֹ֖ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַֽיִּשְׂרְפֵ֞ם מִח֤וּץ לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ בְּשַׁדְמ֣וֹת קִדְר֔וֹן וְנָשָׂ֥א אֶת־עֲפָרָ֖ם בֵּֽית־אֵֽלבֵּֽית־אֵֽל׃ # verse = 2KI.23.4 1-2 וַיְצַ֣ו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!1|MId=o120230040011|Strong=2050b 2 יְצַ֣ו צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.commanded|Ref=2KI_23:4!1|MId=o120230040012|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:120230040022;A1:120230040041;120230040081;120230040111;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_23:4!2|MId=o120230040021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֡לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2KI_23:4!2|MId=o120230040022|Strong=4428 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_23:4!3|MId=o120230040031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 חִלְקִיָּהוּ֩ חִלְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Hilkiah|Ref=2KI_23:4!4|MId=o120230040041|Strong=2518a 7-8 הַכֹּהֵ֨ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_23:4!5|MId=o120230040051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 כֹּהֵ֨ן כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=priest|Ref=2KI_23:4!5|MId=o120230040052|Strong=3548 9-10 הַגָּד֜וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_23:4!6|MId=o120230040061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 גָּד֜וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2KI_23:4!6|MId=o120230040062|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 11-12 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!7|MId=o120230040071|Strong=2050b 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_23:4!7|MId=o120230040072|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 כֹּהֲנֵ֣י כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 conj _ Gloss=the.priests|Ref=2KI_23:4!8|MId=o120230040081|Strong=3548 14-15 הַמִּשְׁנֶה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_23:4!9|MId=o120230040091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מִּשְׁנֶה֮ מִשְׁנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.second.rank|Ref=2KI_23:4!9|MId=o120230040092|Strong=4932 16-17 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!10|MId=o120230040101|Strong=2050b 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_23:4!10|MId=o120230040102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 שֹׁמְרֵ֣י שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 6 conj _ Gloss=the.keepers|Ref=2KI_23:4!11|MId=o120230040111|Strong=8104|Frame=A1:120230040122;|Type=participle_active 19-20 הַסַּף֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_23:4!12|MId=o120230040121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 סַּף֒ סַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.threshold|Ref=2KI_23:4!12|MId=o120230040122|Strong=5592 21-22 לְהוֹצִיא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_23:4!13|MId=o120230040131|Strong=3807a 22 הוֹצִיא֙ יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=bring.out|Ref=2KI_23:4!13|MId=o120230040132|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:120230040041;120230040081;120230040111;A0:120230040182;|Type=infinitive_construct 23-24 מֵהֵיכַ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2KI_23:4!14|MId=o120230040141|Strong=4480 24 הֵיכַ֣ל הֵיכָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=the.temple|Ref=2KI_23:4!14|MId=o120230040142|Strong=1964 25 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2KI_23:4!15|MId=o120230040151|Strong=3068 26 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_23:4!16|MId=o120230040161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_23:4!17|MId=o120230040171|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הַכֵּלִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_23:4!18|MId=o120230040181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 כֵּלִ֗ים כְּלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=articles|Ref=2KI_23:4!18|MId=o120230040182|Strong=3627 30-31 הָֽעֲשׂוּיִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָֽ הַ SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=[which|Ref=2KI_23:4!19|MId=o120230040191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 עֲשׂוּיִם֙ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=were].made|Ref=2KI_23:4!19|MId=o120230040192|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:120230040182;|Type=participle_passive 32-34 לַבַּ֣עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2KI_23:4!20|MId=o120230040201|Strong=3807a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_23:4!20|MId=o120230040201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 בַּ֣עַל בַּעַל PROPN _ _ 31 obl _ Gloss=Baal|Ref=2KI_23:4!20|MId=o120230040202|Strong=1168 35-38 וְלָֽאֲשֵׁרָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!21|MId=o120230040211|Strong=2050b 36 לָֽ לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2KI_23:4!21|MId=o120230040212|Strong=3807a 37 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_23:4!21|MId=o120230040212ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 אֲשֵׁרָ֔ה אֲשֵׁרָה PROPN _ _ 34 conj _ Gloss=Asherah|Ref=2KI_23:4!21|MId=o120230040213|Strong=0842 39-41 וּלְכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!22|MId=o120230040221|Strong=2050b 40 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2KI_23:4!22|MId=o120230040222|Strong=3807a 41 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_23:4!22|MId=o120230040223|Strong=3605 42 צְבָ֣א צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 41 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.host|Ref=2KI_23:4!23|MId=o120230040231|Strong=6635 43-44 הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 44 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_23:4!24|MId=o120230040241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 44 שָּׁמָ֑יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=2KI_23:4!24|MId=o120230040242|Strong=8064 45-47 וַֽיִּשְׂרְפֵ֞ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 46 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!25|MId=o120230040251|Strong=2050b 46 יִּשְׂרְפ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_23:4!25|MId=o120230040252|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:120230040022;A1:120230040253;|Type=wayyiqtol 47 ֵ֞ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obj _ Gloss=burned.them|Ref=2KI_23:4!25|MId=o120230040253|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 48-49 מִח֤וּץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 49 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=2KI_23:4!26|MId=o120230040261|Strong=4480 49 ח֤וּץ חוּץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 46 obl _ Gloss=outside|Ref=2KI_23:4!26|MId=o120230040262|Strong=2351 50-51 לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 51 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_23:4!27|MId=o120230040271|Strong=3807a 51 ירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 49 nmod _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=2KI_23:4!27|MId=o120230040272|Strong=3389 52-53 בְּשַׁדְמ֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 53 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_23:4!28|MId=o120230040281|Strong=0871a 53 שַׁדְמ֣וֹת שְׁדֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 46 obl _ Gloss=the.fields|Ref=2KI_23:4!28|MId=o120230040282|Strong=7709 54 קִדְר֔וֹן קִדְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 53 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kidron|Ref=2KI_23:4!29|MId=o120230040291|Strong=6939 55-56 וְנָשָׂ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 56 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_23:4!30|MId=o120230040301|Strong=2050b 56 נָשָׂ֥א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.carried|Ref=2KI_23:4!30|MId=o120230040302|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:120230040022;A1:120230040321;|Type=qatal 57 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 58 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_23:4!31|MId=o120230040311|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 58-59 עֲפָרָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 58 עֲפָר עָפָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 56 obj _ Gloss=dust|Ref=2KI_23:4!32|MId=o120230040321|Strong=6083 59 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2KI_23:4!32|MId=o120230040322|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 60-61 בֵּֽית־אֵֽלבֵּֽית־אֵֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 60 בֵּֽית־אֵֽל בֵּית־אֵל PROPN _ _ 56 dep _ Gloss=Bethel|Ref=2KI_23:4!33|MId=o120230040331 61 בֵּֽית־אֵֽל בֵּיתְאֵל PROPN _ _ 56 dep _ Gloss=Bethel|Ref=2KI_23:4!34|MId=o120230040341 62 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 61 punct _ Ref=2KI_23:4!34 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְצַו *he commanded* | wayyiqtol · piel | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | חִלְקִיָּהוּ *Hilkiah* + כֹּהֲנֵי *the priests* + שֹׁמְרֵי *the keepers* | | | | שֹׁמְרֵי *the keepers* | participle active · qal | | סַּף *the threshold* | | | | הוֹצִיא *bring out* | infinitive construct · hiphil | כֵּלִים *articles* | | | חִלְקִיָּהוּ *Hilkiah* + כֹּהֲנֵי *the priests* + שֹׁמְרֵי *the keepers* | | עֲשׂוּיִם *were\] made* | participle passive · qal | | כֵּלִים *articles* | | | | יִּשְׂרְפ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | ֵם *burned them* | | | | נָשָׂא *he carried* | qatal · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | עֲפָר *dust* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּפַקֵיד מַלְכָא יַת חִלְקִיָהוּ כַהֲנָא רַבָּא וְיַת סְגַן כַּהֲנַיָא וְיַת אֲמַרְכְּלַיָא לְאַפָּקָא מֵהֵיכָלָא דַייָ יַת כָּל מָנַיָא דַעֲבִידִין לִבְעָלָא וְלַאֲשֵׁירְתָא וּלכָל חֵילֵי שְׁמַיָא וְאוֹקְדִינוּן מִבָּרָא לִירוּשְׁלֵם בְמֵישַׁר קִדְרוֹן וְאוֹבִיל יַת עֲפַרְהוֹן לְבֵית אֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the Asherah, and for all the host of heaven; and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Beth-el.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.701/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:635`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 23:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.3/) - next →: [2 Kings 23:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.23.5/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/23/)