--- title: 2 Kings 25:1 — And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth mon… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about. Who acts: it, king, they. 2 Kings 25:1 in Heb --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/) / 25:1 # 2 Kings 25:1 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** it, king, they · **What happens:** come, pass, encamp, build · **To what, where:** Jerusalem, forts This is 2 Kings 25:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, king, they — and what happens in the verse to Jerusalem, forts, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֩ בִשְׁנַ֨ת הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית לְמָלְכ֗וֹ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ בָּ֠א נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֜ל ה֧וּא וְכָל־חֵיל֛וֹ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם וַיִּ֣חַן עָלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּבְנ֥וּ עָלֶ֖יהָ דָּיֵ֥ק סָבִֽיב׃ [And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.757/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:689 # text = וַיְהִי֩ בִשְׁנַ֨ת הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית לְמָלְכ֗וֹ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ בָּ֠א נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּ֨ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֜ל ה֧וּא וְכָל־חֵיל֛וֹ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם וַיִּ֣חַן עָלֶ֑יהָ וַיִּבְנ֥וּ עָלֶ֖יהָ דָּיֵ֥ק סָבִֽיב׃ # verse = 2KI.25.1 1-2 וַיְהִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:1!1|MId=o120250010011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֩ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2KI_25:1!1|MId=o120250010012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בִשְׁנַ֨ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_25:1!2|MId=o120250010021|Strong=0871a 4 שְׁנַ֨ת שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.year|Ref=2KI_25:1!2|MId=o120250010022|Strong=8141 5-6 הַתְּשִׁיעִ֜ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(of|Ref=2KI_25:1!3|MId=o120250010031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 תְּשִׁיעִ֜ית תְּשִׁיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nummod _ Gloss=[the].ninth|Ref=2KI_25:1!3|MId=o120250010032|Strong=8671|Type=ordinal_number 7-9 לְמָלְכ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_25:1!4|MId=o120250010041|Strong=3807a 8 מָלְכ מָלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 nmod _ Gloss=reigning|Ref=2KI_25:1!4|MId=o120250010042|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:120250010043;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_25:1!4|MId=o120250010043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-12 בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_25:1!5|MId=o120250010051|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:1!5|MId=o120250010051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 חֹ֣דֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=month|Ref=2KI_25:1!5|MId=o120250010052|Strong=2320 13-14 הָעֲשִׂירִי֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_25:1!6|MId=o120250010061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 עֲשִׂירִי֮ עֲשִׂירִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nummod _ Gloss=tenth|Ref=2KI_25:1!6|MId=o120250010062|Strong=6224|Type=ordinal_number 15-17 בֶּעָשׂ֣וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_25:1!7|MId=o120250010071|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:1!7|MId=o120250010071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 עָשׂ֣וֹר עָשׂוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=ten|Ref=2KI_25:1!7|MId=o120250010072|Strong=6218 18-20 לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_25:1!8|MId=o120250010081|Strong=3807a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:1!8|MId=o120250010081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 חֹדֶשׁ֒ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nmod _ Gloss=month|Ref=2KI_25:1!8|MId=o120250010082|Strong=2320 21 בָּ֠א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=2KI_25:1!9|MId=o120250010091|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:120250010101;120250010151;|Type=qatal 22 נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּ֨ר נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר PROPN _ _ 21 nsubj _ Gloss=Nebuchadnezzar|Ref=2KI_25:1!10|MId=o120250010101|Strong=5019 23 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_25:1!11|MId=o120250010111|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 24 בָּבֶ֜ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=2KI_25:1!12|MId=o120250010121|Strong=0894 25 ה֧וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_25:1!13|MId=o120250010131|Strong=1931|Type=personal 26-27 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:1!14|MId=o120250010141|Strong=2050b 27 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_25:1!14|MId=o120250010142|Strong=3605 28-29 חֵיל֛וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 חֵיל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=army|Ref=2KI_25:1!15|MId=o120250010151|Strong=2428 29 ֛וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_25:1!15|MId=o120250010152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_25:1!16|MId=o120250010161|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 31 יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 21 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=2KI_25:1!17|MId=o120250010171|Strong=3389 32-33 וַיִּ֣חַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:1!18|MId=o120250010181|Strong=2050b 33 יִּ֣חַן חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.encamped|Ref=2KI_25:1!18|MId=o120250010182|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:120250010101;|Type=wayyiqtol 34-35 עָלֶ֑יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 עָלֶ֑י עַל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_25:1!19|MId=o120250010191|Strong=5921 35 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=2KI_25:1!19|MId=o120250010192|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 36-37 וַיִּבְנ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:1!20|MId=o120250010201|Strong=2050b 37 יִּבְנ֥וּ בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.built|Ref=2KI_25:1!20|MId=o120250010202|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:120250010101;120250010151;A1:120250010221;|Type=wayyiqtol 38-39 עָלֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_25:1!21|MId=o120250010211|Strong=5921 39 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=2KI_25:1!21|MId=o120250010212|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 40 דָּיֵ֥ק דָּיֵק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 obj _ Gloss=a.siege-work|Ref=2KI_25:1!22|MId=o120250010221|Strong=1785 41 סָבִֽיב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 37 advmod _ Gloss=all.around|Ref=2KI_25:1!23|MId=o120250010231|Strong=5439|SpaceAfter=No 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=2KI_25:1!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָלְכ *reigning* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *his* | | | | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* + חֵיל *army* | | | | | יִּחַן *he encamped* | wayyiqtol · qal | נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* | | | | | יִּבְנוּ *they built* | wayyiqtol · qal | נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּר *Nebuchadnezzar* + חֵיל *army* | דָּיֵק *a siege-work* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְשַׁתָּא תְשִׁיעֵיתָא לְמִמְלְכֵיהּ בְּיַרְחָא עֲשִׂירָאָה בְּעַשְׂרָא לְיַרְחָא אֲתָא נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַר מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל הוּא וְכָל מַשְׁרִיתֵיהּ עַל יְרוּשְׁלֵם וּשְׁרָא עֲלָה וּבְנוֹ עֲלָה בִּרְקוּם סְחוֹר סְחוֹר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.757/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:689`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 24:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.24.20/) - next →: [2 Kings 25:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.2/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/)