--- title: 2 Kings 25:25 — But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Ne… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah. Who acts: land, Ishmael, Gedaliah. 2 Kings 25:25 in Hebrew w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/) / 25:25 # 2 Kings 25:25 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** land, Ishmael, Gedaliah · **What happens:** come, pass, smote, die · **To what, where:** Gedaliah This is 2 Kings 25:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — land, Ishmael, Gedaliah — and what happens in the verse to Gedaliah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י בָּ֣א יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְ֠תַנְיָה בֶּן־אֱלִ֨ישָׁמָ֜ע מִזֶּ֣רַע הַמְּלוּכָ֗ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְאֶת־הַיְּהוּדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ אִתּ֖וֹ בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃ [But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.782/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:713 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י בָּ֣א יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְ֠תַנְיָה בֶּן־אֱלִ֨ישָׁמָ֜ע מִזֶּ֣רַע הַמְּלוּכָ֗ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֶת־גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְאֶת־הַיְּהוּדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־הָי֥וּ אִתּ֖וֹ בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃ # verse = 2KI.25.25 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:25!1|MId=o120250250011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2KI_25:25!1|MId=o120250250012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=2KI_25:25!1 4-6 בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_25:25!2|MId=o120250250021|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:25!2|MId=o120250250021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 חֹ֣דֶשׁ חֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=month|Ref=2KI_25:25!2|MId=o120250250022|Strong=2320 7-8 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_25:25!3|MId=o120250250031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 שְּׁבִיעִ֗י שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=2KI_25:25!3|MId=o120250250032|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 9 בָּ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=2KI_25:25!4|MId=o120250250041|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:120250250051;|Type=qatal 10 יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל יִשְׁמָעֵאל PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Ishmael|Ref=2KI_25:25!5|MId=o120250250051|Strong=3458 11 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2KI_25:25!6|MId=o120250250061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 12 נְ֠תַנְיָה נְתַנְיָה PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nethaniah|Ref=2KI_25:25!7|MId=o120250250071|Strong=5418 13 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2KI_25:25!8|MId=o120250250081|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 14 אֱלִ֨ישָׁמָ֜ע אֱלִישָׁמָע PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Elishama|Ref=2KI_25:25!9|MId=o120250250091|Strong=0476 15-16 מִזֶּ֣רַע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=one|Ref=2KI_25:25!10|MId=o120250250101|Strong=4480 16 זֶּ֣רַע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nmod _ Gloss=of.the.offspring|Ref=2KI_25:25!10|MId=o120250250102|Strong=2233 17-18 הַמְּלוּכָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=2KI_25:25!11|MId=o120250250111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 מְּלוּכָ֗ה מְלוּכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=royalty|Ref=2KI_25:25!11|MId=o120250250112|Strong=4410 19-20 וַעֲשָׂרָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:25!12|MId=o120250250121|Strong=2050b 20 עֲשָׂרָ֤ה עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nummod _ Gloss=ten|Ref=2KI_25:25!12|MId=o120250250122|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 21 אֲנָשִׁים֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=2KI_25:25!13|MId=o120250250131|Strong=0376 22-23 אִתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[were].with|Ref=2KI_25:25!14|MId=o120250250141|Strong=0854 23 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=2KI_25:25!14|MId=o120250250142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24-25 וַיַּכּ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:25!15|MId=o120250250151|Strong=2050b 25 יַּכּ֥וּ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.struck.down|Ref=2KI_25:25!15|MId=o120250250152|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:120250250051;120250250131;A0:120250250171;|Type=wayyiqtol 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_25:25!16|MId=o120250250161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 27 גְּדַלְיָ֖הוּ גְּדַלְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 25 obj _ Gloss=Gedaliah|Ref=2KI_25:25!17|MId=o120250250171|Strong=1436a 28-29 וַיָּמֹ֑ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:25!18|MId=o120250250181|Strong=2050b 29 יָּמֹ֑ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 conj _ Gloss=he.died|Ref=2KI_25:25!18|MId=o120250250182|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:120250250171;|Type=wayyiqtol 30-31 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:25!19|MId=o120250250191|Strong=2050b 31 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_25:25!19|MId=o120250250192|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32-33 הַיְּהוּדִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:25!20|MId=o120250250201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 יְּהוּדִים֙ יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 conj _ Gloss=Judeans|Ref=2KI_25:25!20|MId=o120250250202|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 34-35 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:25!21|MId=o120250250211|Strong=2050b 35 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_25:25!21|MId=o120250250212|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 36-37 הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:25!22|MId=o120250250221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 כַּשְׂדִּ֔ים כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 33 conj _ Gloss=Chaldeans|Ref=2KI_25:25!22|MId=o120250250222|Strong=3778 38 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 41 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2KI_25:25!23|MId=o120250250231|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 39 הָי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 41 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=2KI_25:25!24|MId=o120250250241|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:120250250202;120250250222;|Type=qatal 40-41 אִתּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2KI_25:25!25|MId=o120250250251|Strong=0854 41 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 acl:relcl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2KI_25:25!25|MId=o120250250252|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 42-44 בַּמִּצְפָּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 44 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=2KI_25:25!26|MId=o120250250261|Strong=0871a 43 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 44 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2KI_25:25!26|MId=o120250250261ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 44 מִּצְפָּֽה מִצְפָּה PROPN _ _ 41 obl _ Gloss=Mizpah|Ref=2KI_25:25!26|MId=o120250250262|Strong=4709 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=2KI_25:25!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | יִשְׁמָעֵאל *Ishmael* | | | | | יַּכּוּ *they struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | גְּדַלְיָהוּ *Gedaliah* | | | יִשְׁמָעֵאל *Ishmael* + אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | יָּמֹת *he died* | wayyiqtol · qal | גְּדַלְיָהוּ *Gedaliah* | | | | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | יְּהוּדִים *Judeans* + כַּשְׂדִּים *Chaldeans* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּיַרְחָא שְׁבִיעָאָה אֲתָא יִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּר נְתַנְיָה בַּר אֱלִישָׁמָע מִזַרְעָא דְמַלְכוּתָא וְעַסְרָא גַבְרִין עִמֵיהּ וּמְחוֹ יַת גְדַלְיָה וּמִית וְיַת יְהוּדָאֵי וְיַת כַּסְדָאֵי דַהֲווֹ עִמֵיהּ בְּמִצְפְּיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.782/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:713`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 25:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.24/) - next →: [2 Kings 25:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.26/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/)