--- title: 2 Kings 25:4 — Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by n… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden — now the Chaldeans were against the city round about — and the king went by the way of the Arabah. Who acts: men, two walls, Chaldeans, king. 2 Kings --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/) / 25:4 # 2 Kings 25:4 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** men, two walls, Chaldeans, king · **What happens:** make, flee, be, go · **To what, where:** breach, city This is 2 Kings 25:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, two walls, Chaldeans, king — and what happens in the verse to breach, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתִּבָּקַ֣ע הָעִ֗יר וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַמִּלְחָמָ֤ה ׀ הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ דֶּ֜רֶךְ שַׁ֣עַר ׀ בֵּ֣ין הַחֹמֹתַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־גַּ֣ן הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְכַשְׂדִּ֥ים עַל־הָעִ֖יר סָבִ֑יב וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ דֶּ֥רֶךְ הָעֲרָבָֽה׃ [Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden — now the Chaldeans were against the city round about — and the king went by the way of the Arabah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.760/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:692 # text = וַתִּבָּקַ֣ע הָעִ֗יר וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַמִּלְחָמָ֤ה ׀ הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ דֶּ֜רֶךְ שַׁ֣עַר ׀ בֵּ֣ין הַחֹמֹתַ֗יִם אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־גַּ֣ן הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְכַשְׂדִּ֥ים עַל־הָעִ֖יר סָבִ֑יב וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ דֶּ֥רֶךְ הָעֲרָבָֽה׃ # verse = 2KI.25.4 1-2 וַתִּבָּקַ֣ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:4!1|MId=o120250040011|Strong=2050b 2 תִּבָּקַ֣ע בָּקַע VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.broken.into|Ref=2KI_25:4!1|MId=o120250040012|Strong=1234|Frame=A1:120250040022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָעִ֗יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:4!2|MId=o120250040021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עִ֗יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=city|Ref=2KI_25:4!2|MId=o120250040022|Strong=5892 5-6 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:4!3|MId=o120250040031|Strong=2050b 6 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2KI_25:4!3|MId=o120250040032|Strong=3605 7 אַנְשֵׁ֨י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=2KI_25:4!4|MId=o120250040041|Strong=0376 8-9 הַמִּלְחָמָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=2KI_25:4!5|MId=o120250040051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מִּלְחָמָ֤ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=war|Ref=2KI_25:4!5|MId=o120250040052|Strong=4421 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=2KI_25:4!5 11-12 הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2KI_25:4!6|MId=o120250040061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 לַּ֙יְלָה֙ לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=night|Ref=2KI_25:4!6|MId=o120250040062|Strong=3915 13 דֶּ֜רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=[the].way|Ref=2KI_25:4!7|MId=o120250040071|Strong=1870 14 שַׁ֣עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].gate|Ref=2KI_25:4!8|MId=o120250040081|Strong=8179 15 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 14 punct _ Ref=2KI_25:4!8 16 בֵּ֣ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=2KI_25:4!9|MId=o120250040091|Strong=0996 17-18 הַחֹמֹתַ֗יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the.two|Ref=2KI_25:4!10|MId=o120250040101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 חֹמֹתַ֗יִם חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 14 nmod _ Gloss=walls|Ref=2KI_25:4!10|MId=o120250040102|Strong=2346 19 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2KI_25:4!11|MId=o120250040111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=[was].at|Ref=2KI_25:4!12|MId=o120250040121|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21 גַּ֣ן גַּן NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.garden|Ref=2KI_25:4!13|MId=o120250040131|Strong=1588 22-23 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_25:4!14|MId=o120250040141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2KI_25:4!14|MId=o120250040142|Strong=4428 24-25 וְכַשְׂדִּ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=2KI_25:4!15|MId=o120250040151|Strong=2050b 25 כַשְׂדִּ֥ים כַּשְׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 28 nsubj _ Gloss=Chaldeans|Ref=2KI_25:4!15|MId=o120250040152|Strong=3778 26 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=[were].on|Ref=2KI_25:4!16|MId=o120250040161|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הָעִ֖יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_25:4!17|MId=o120250040171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 עִ֖יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=city|Ref=2KI_25:4!17|MId=o120250040172|Strong=5892 29 סָבִ֑יב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 28 advmod _ Gloss=all.around|Ref=2KI_25:4!18|MId=o120250040181|Strong=5439 30-31 וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_25:4!19|MId=o120250040191|Strong=2050b 31 יֵּ֖לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2KI_25:4!19|MId=o120250040192|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:120250020083;|Type=wayyiqtol 32 דֶּ֥רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=the.way|Ref=2KI_25:4!20|MId=o120250040201|Strong=1870 33-34 הָעֲרָבָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2KI_25:4!21|MId=o120250040211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 עֲרָבָֽה עֲרָבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Arabah|Ref=2KI_25:4!21|MId=o120250040212|Strong=6160 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=2KI_25:4!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּבָּקַע *it was broken into* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | עִיר *city* | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִתְרָעַת קַרְתָּא וְכָל גַבְרֵי עַבְדֵי קְרָבָא בְּלֵילְיָא בְּאוֹרַח תַּרְעָא בֵּין שׁוּרַיָא דִי עַל גִינְתָא דְמַלְכָּא וְכַסְדָאֵי שָׁרָן עַל קַרְתָּא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר וַאֲזַל בְּאוֹרַח מֵישְׁרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden — now the Chaldeans were against the city round about — and the king went by the way of the Arabah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.760/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:692`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 25:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.3/) - next →: [2 Kings 25:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.25.5/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/25/)