--- title: 2 Kings 3:27 — Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall. And there came great wrath upon Israel; and they departed from him, and returned to their own land. Who acts: man, eldest son, great wrath, Moabites. 2 Kings 3:27 in Hebrew with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.3.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/3/) / 3:27 # 2 Kings 3:27 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** man, eldest son, great wrath, Moabites · **What happens:** take, reign, offer, come, depart, return · **To what, where:** eldest son, stead, man, Israel This is 2 Kings 3:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, eldest son, great wrath, Moabites — and what happens in the verse to eldest son, stead, man, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקַּח֩ אֶת־בְּנ֨וֹ הַבְּכ֜וֹר אֲשֶׁר־יִמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֗יו וַיַּעֲלֵ֤הוּ עֹלָה֙ עַל־הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה וַיְהִ֥י קֶצֶף־גָּד֖וֹל עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּסְעוּ֙ מֵֽעָלָ֔יו וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ לָאָֽרֶץ׃פ [Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.76/) [And there came great wrath upon Israel; and they departed from him, and returned to their own land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.77/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:69 # text = וַיִּקַּח֩ אֶת־בְּנ֨וֹ הַבְּכ֜וֹר אֲשֶׁר־יִמְלֹ֣ךְ תַּחְתָּ֗יו וַיַּעֲלֵ֤הוּ עֹלָה֙ עַל־הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה וַיְהִ֥י קֶצֶף־גָּד֖וֹל עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּסְעוּ֙ מֵֽעָלָ֔יו וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ לָאָֽרֶץ׃פ # verse = 2KI.3.27 1-2 וַיִּקַּח֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_3:27!1|MId=o120030270011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקַּח֩ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=2KI_3:27!1|MId=o120030270012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:120030260021;A1:120030270031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_3:27!2|MId=o120030270021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 בְּנ֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=son|Ref=2KI_3:27!3|MId=o120030270031|Strong=1121 5 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2KI_3:27!3|MId=o120030270032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 הַבְּכ֜וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_3:27!4|MId=o120030270041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 בְּכ֜וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 appos _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=2KI_3:27!4|MId=o120030270042|Strong=1060 8 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2KI_3:27!5|MId=o120030270051|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 9 יִמְלֹ֣ךְ מָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.reign|Ref=2KI_3:27!6|MId=o120030270061|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:120030270031;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 תַּחְתָּ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 תַּחְתָּ֗י תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_3:27!7|MId=o120030270071|Strong=8478 11 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=place.of.him|Ref=2KI_3:27!7|MId=o120030270072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-14 וַיַּעֲלֵ֤הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_3:27!8|MId=o120030270081|Strong=2050b 13 יַּעֲל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_3:27!8|MId=o120030270082|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:120030260021;A0:120030270083;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 ֵ֤הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ Gloss=offered.him.up|Ref=2KI_3:27!8|MId=o120030270083|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 15 עֹלָה֙ עֹלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 xcomp _ Gloss=a.burnt.offering|Ref=2KI_3:27!9|MId=o120030270091|Strong=5930 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_3:27!10|MId=o120030270101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_3:27!11|MId=o120030270111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 חֹמָ֔ה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=wall|Ref=2KI_3:27!11|MId=o120030270112|Strong=2346 19-20 וַיְהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_3:27!12|MId=o120030270121|Strong=2050b 20 יְהִ֥י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2KI_3:27!12|MId=o120030270122|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:120030270131;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 קֶצֶף־ קֶצֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=wrath|Ref=2KI_3:27!13|MId=o120030270131|Strong=7110|SpaceAfter=No 22 גָּד֖וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2KI_3:27!14|MId=o120030270141|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 23 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=towards|Ref=2KI_3:27!15|MId=o120030270151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 24 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=2KI_3:27!16|MId=o120030270161|Strong=3478 25-26 וַיִּסְעוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_3:27!17|MId=o120030270171|Strong=2050b 26 יִּסְעוּ֙ נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.set.out|Ref=2KI_3:27!17|MId=o120030270172|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:120030270161;|Type=wayyiqtol 27-29 מֵֽעָלָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2KI_3:27!18|MId=o120030270181|Strong=4480 28 עָלָ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_3:27!18|MId=o120030270182|Strong=5921 29 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2KI_3:27!18|MId=o120030270183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30-31 וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_3:27!19|MId=o120030270191|Strong=2050b 31 יָּשֻׁ֖בוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.returned|Ref=2KI_3:27!19|MId=o120030270192|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:120030270161;|Type=wayyiqtol 32-34 לָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_3:27!20|MId=o120030270201|Strong=3807a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_3:27!20|MId=o120030270201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=2KI_3:27!20|MId=o120030270202|Strong=0776 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=2KI_3:27!20|SpaceAfter=No 36 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=2KI_3:27!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | | בְּנ *son* | | | | יִמְלֹךְ *he will reign* | yiqtol · qal | בְּנ *son* | | | | | יַּעֲל *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵהוּ *offered him up* | | | | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | קֶצֶף־ *wrath* | | | | | יִּסְעוּ *they set out* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | | יָּשֻׁבוּ *they returned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְסִיב יַת בְּרֵיהּ בּוּכְרָא דַעֲתִיד דְיִמְלוֹךְ תְּחוֹתוֹהִי וְאַסְקֵיהּ עֲלָתָא עַל שׁוּרָא וַהֲוָה רְגַז רַב עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאִסְתַּלָקוּ מִנֵיהּ וְתָבוּ לְאַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then he took his eldest son that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.76/) 2. [And there came great wrath upon Israel; and they departed from him, and returned to their own land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.77/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:69`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 3:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.3.26/) - next →: [2 Kings 4:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.1/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/3/)