--- title: 2 Kings 4:8 — And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a grea… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread. And so it was, that as oft as he passed by, he turned in thither to eat bread. Who acts: oil, Elisha, woman, man. 2 Kings 4:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/4/) / 4:8 # 2 Kings 4:8 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** oil, Elisha, woman, man · **What happens:** fall, pass, be, constrain, eat, pass by · **To what, where:** Shunem, great woman, man, bread, oil This is 2 Kings 4:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — oil, Elisha, woman, man — and what happens in the verse to Shunem, great woman, man, bread, oil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר אֱלִישָׁ֣ע אֶל־שׁוּנֵ֗ם וְשָׁם֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַתַּחֲזֶק־בּ֖וֹ לֶאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם וַֽיְהִי֙ מִדֵּ֣י עָבְר֔וֹ יָסֻ֥ר שָׁ֖מָּה לֶאֱכָל־לָֽחֶם׃ [And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.86/) [And so it was, that as oft as he passed by, he turned in thither to eat bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.87/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:77 # text = וַיְהִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר אֱלִישָׁ֣ע אֶל־שׁוּנֵ֗ם וְשָׁם֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַתַּחֲזֶק־בּ֖וֹ לֶאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם וַֽיְהִי֙ מִדֵּ֣י עָבְר֔וֹ יָסֻ֥ר שָׁ֖מָּה לֶאֱכָל־לָֽחֶם׃ # verse = 2KI.4.8 1-2 וַיְהִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_4:8!1|MId=o120040080011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֨י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2KI_4:8!1|MId=o120040080012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:120040080022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַיּ֜וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_4:8!2|MId=o120040080021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 יּ֜וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=day|Ref=2KI_4:8!2|MId=o120040080022|Strong=3117 5-6 וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_4:8!3|MId=o120040080031|Strong=2050b 6 יַּעֲבֹ֧ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.passed.on|Ref=2KI_4:8!3|MId=o120040080032|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:120040080041;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אֱלִישָׁ֣ע אֱלִישָׁע PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Elisha|Ref=2KI_4:8!4|MId=o120040080041|Strong=0477 8 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_4:8!5|MId=o120040080051|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 9 שׁוּנֵ֗ם שׁוּנֵם PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Shunem|Ref=2KI_4:8!6|MId=o120040080061|Strong=7766 10-11 וְשָׁם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and.[was]|Ref=2KI_4:8!7|MId=o120040080071|Strong=2050b 11 שָׁם֙ שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=there|Ref=2KI_4:8!7|MId=o120040080072|Strong=8033 12 אִשָּׁ֣ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=a.woman|Ref=2KI_4:8!8|MId=o120040080081|Strong=0802 13 גְדוֹלָ֔ה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2KI_4:8!9|MId=o120040080091|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 14-15 וַתַּחֲזֶק־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_4:8!10|MId=o120040080101|Strong=2050b 15 תַּחֲזֶק־ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.urged|Ref=2KI_4:8!10|MId=o120040080102|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:120040080081;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 בּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(on)|Ref=2KI_4:8!11|MId=o120040080111|Strong=0871a 17 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2KI_4:8!11|MId=o120040080112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 לֶאֱכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_4:8!12|MId=o120040080121|Strong=3807a 19 אֱכָל־ אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 advcl _ Gloss=eat|Ref=2KI_4:8!12|MId=o120040080122|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:120040080041;A1:120040080131;|Type=infinitive_construct 20 לָ֑חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=2KI_4:8!13|MId=o120040080131|Strong=3899 21-22 וַֽיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_4:8!14|MId=o120040080141|Strong=2050b 22 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2KI_4:8!14|MId=o120040080142|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 מִדֵּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=2KI_4:8!15|MId=o120040080151|Strong=4480 24 דֵּ֣י דַּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=often.as|Ref=2KI_4:8!15|MId=o120040080152|Strong=1767 25-26 עָבְר֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 עָבְר עָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 acl _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_4:8!16|MId=o120040080161|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:120040080162;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ Gloss=passed.by|Ref=2KI_4:8!16|MId=o120040080162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 יָסֻ֥ר סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.turned.aside|Ref=2KI_4:8!17|MId=o120040080171|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:120040080041;|Type=yiqtol 28-29 שָׁ֖מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 שָׁ֖מּ שָׁם ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_4:8!18|MId=o120040080181|Strong=8033 29 ָה ה X _ _ 28 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2KI_4:8!18|MId=o120040080182|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 30-31 לֶאֱכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_4:8!19|MId=o120040080191|Strong=3807a 31 אֱכָל־ אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 27 advcl _ Gloss=eat|Ref=2KI_4:8!19|MId=o120040080192|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:120040080041;A1:120040080201;|Type=infinitive_construct 32 לָֽחֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=2KI_4:8!20|MId=o120040080201|Strong=3899|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=2KI_4:8!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | יּוֹם *day* | | | | | יַּעֲבֹר *he passed on* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | | | | | תַּחֲזֶק־ *she urged* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אִשָּׁה *a woman* | | | | | אֱכָל־ *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | לָחֶם *food* | | | | עָבְר *he* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *passed by* | | | | | יָסֻר *he turned aside* | yiqtol · qal | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | | | | | אֱכָל־ *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | לָֽחֶם *food* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה יוֹמָא וַעֲבַר אֱלִישָׁע לְשׁוּנֵם וְתַמָן אִתְּתָא דַחֲלַת חֶטְאִין וְאַתְקִיפַת בֵּיהּ לְמֵיכַל לַחְמָא וַהֲוָה בִּזְמַן מְעִידוֹהִי מִתְפְּנֵי לְתַמָן לְמֵיכַל לַחְמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it fell on a day, that Elisha passed to Shunem, where was a great woman; and she constrained him to eat bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.86/) 2. [And so it was, that as oft as he passed by, he turned in thither to eat bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.87/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:77`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.7/) - next →: [2 Kings 4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.4.9/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/4/)