--- title: 2 Kings 5:12 — Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage. Who acts: Amanah, I, Naaman. 2 Kings 5:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.5.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/5/) / 5:12 # 2 Kings 5:12 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** Amanah, I, Naaman · **What happens:** not be, not wash, be, turn, go away · **To what, where:** rage This is 2 Kings 5:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Amanah, I, Naaman — and what happens in the verse to rage, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הֲלֹ֡א טוֹב֩ אֲמָנָ֨ה וּפַרְפַּ֜ר נַהֲר֣וֹת דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק מִכֹּל֙ מֵימֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֲלֹֽא־אֶרְחַ֥ץ בָּהֶ֖ם וְטָהָ֑רְתִּי וַיִּ֖פֶן וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּחֵמָֽה׃ [Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.141/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:125 # text = הֲלֹ֡א טוֹב֩ אֲמָנָ֨ה וּפַרְפַּ֜ר נַהֲר֣וֹת דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק מִכֹּל֙ מֵימֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֲלֹֽא־אֶרְחַ֥ץ בָּהֶ֖ם וְטָהָ֑רְתִּי וַיִּ֖פֶן וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּחֵמָֽה׃ # verse = 2KI.5.12 1-2 הֲלֹ֡א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=2KI_5:12!1|MId=o120050120011|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 2 לֹ֡א לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2KI_5:12!1|MId=o120050120012|Strong=3808|Type=negative 3 טוֹב֩ טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=good|Ref=2KI_5:12!2|MId=o120050120021|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 4 אֲמָנָ֨ה אֲמָנָה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].Amana|Ref=2KI_5:12!4|MId=o120050120041|Strong=0549 5-6 וּפַרְפַּ֜ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_5:12!5|MId=o120050120051|Strong=2050b 6 פַרְפַּ֜ר פַּרְפַּר PROPN _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=Pharpar|Ref=2KI_5:12!5|MId=o120050120052|Strong=6554 7 נַהֲר֣וֹת נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 appos _ Gloss=the.rivers|Ref=2KI_5:12!6|MId=o120050120061|Strong=5104 8 דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק דַּמֶּשֶׂק PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Damascus|Ref=2KI_5:12!7|MId=o120050120071|Strong=1834 9-10 מִכֹּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=2KI_5:12!8|MId=o120050120081|Strong=4480 10 כֹּל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=than.all|Ref=2KI_5:12!8|MId=o120050120082|Strong=3605 11 מֵימֵ֣י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.waters|Ref=2KI_5:12!9|MId=o120050120091|Strong=4325 12 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2KI_5:12!10|MId=o120050120101|Strong=3478 13-14 הֲלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=2KI_5:12!11|MId=o120050120111|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 14 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2KI_5:12!11|MId=o120050120112|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 אֶרְחַ֥ץ רָחַץ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=will.I.wash|Ref=2KI_5:12!12|MId=o120050120121|Strong=7364|Frame=A0:120050110021;|Type=yiqtol 16-17 בָּהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_5:12!13|MId=o120050120131|Strong=0871a 17 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2KI_5:12!13|MId=o120050120132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְטָהָ֑רְתִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_5:12!14|MId=o120050120141|Strong=2050b 19 טָהָ֑רְתִּי טָהֵר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 15 conj _ Gloss=I.will.be.clean|Ref=2KI_5:12!14|MId=o120050120142|Strong=2891|Frame=A0:120050110021;|Type=qatal 20-21 וַיִּ֖פֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_5:12!15|MId=o120050120151|Strong=2050b 21 יִּ֖פֶן פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.turned|Ref=2KI_5:12!15|MId=o120050120152|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:120050110021;|Type=wayyiqtol 22-23 וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_5:12!16|MId=o120050120161|Strong=2050b 23 יֵּ֥לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2KI_5:12!16|MId=o120050120162|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:120050110021;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 בְּחֵמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_5:12!17|MId=o120050120171|Strong=0871a 25 חֵמָֽה חֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=a.rage|Ref=2KI_5:12!17|MId=o120050120172|Strong=2534 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=2KI_5:12!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** אֶרְחַץ *will I wash* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | טָהָרְתִּי *I will be clean* | qatal · qal | | | | | | יִּפֶן *he turned* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הֲלָא טָבִין אֲמָנָא וּפַרְפַּר נַהֲרֵי דַמֶשֶׂק מִכֹּל מֵי אַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל הֲלָא אֶטְבּוֹל בְּהוֹן וְאִתַּסֵי וְאִתְפְּנֵי וַאֲזַל בִּרְגַז: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Are not Amanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? may I not wash in them, and be clean?' So he turned, and went away in a rage.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.141/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:125`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 5:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.5.11/) - next →: [2 Kings 5:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.5.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/5/)