--- title: 2 Kings 7:4 — If we say: We will enter into the city, then the famine is in the ci… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: If we say: We will enter into the city, then the famine is in the city, and we shall die there; and if we sit still here, we die also. Now therefore come, and let us fall unto the host of the Arameans; if they save us alive, we shall live; and if they kill us, we shall but die.' Who acts: we, famine --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.7.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/7/) / 7:4 # 2 Kings 7:4 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** we, famine, you, us, Arameans · **What happens:** say, enter, be, die, sit, come · **To what, where:** city, us · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 7:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, famine, you, us, Arameans — and what happens in the verse to city, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אִם־אָמַרְנוּ֩ נָב֨וֹא הָעִ֜יר וְהָרָעָ֤ב בָּעִיר֙ וָמַ֣תְנוּ שָׁ֔ם וְאִם־יָשַׁ֥בְנוּ פֹ֖ה וָמָ֑תְנוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה לְכוּ֙ וְנִפְּלָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה אֲרָ֔ם אִם־יְחַיֻּ֣נוּ נִֽחְיֶ֔ה וְאִם־יְמִיתֻ֖נוּ וָמָֽתְנוּ׃ [If we say: We will enter into the city, then the famine is in the city, and we shall die there; and if we sit still here, we die also.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.201/) [Now therefore come, and let us fall unto the host of the Arameans; if they save us alive, we shall live; and if they kill us, we shall but die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.202/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:177 # text = אִם־אָמַרְנוּ֩ נָב֨וֹא הָעִ֜יר וְהָרָעָ֤ב בָּעִיר֙ וָמַ֣תְנוּ שָׁ֔ם וְאִם־יָשַׁ֥בְנוּ פֹ֖ה וָמָ֑תְנוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה לְכוּ֙ וְנִפְּלָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה אֲרָ֔ם אִם־יְחַיֻּ֣נוּ נִֽחְיֶ֔ה וְאִם־יְמִיתֻ֖נוּ וָמָֽתְנוּ׃ # verse = 2KI.7.4 1 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=2KI_7:4!1|MId=o120070040011|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 2 אָמַרְנוּ֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 advcl _ Gloss=we.said|Ref=2KI_7:4!2|MId=o120070040021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120070030021;A1:120070040031;|Type=qatal 3 נָב֨וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=we.will.enter|Ref=2KI_7:4!3|MId=o120070040031|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=yiqtol 4-5 הָעִ֜יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_7:4!4|MId=o120070040041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עִ֜יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=2KI_7:4!4|MId=o120070040042|Strong=5892 6-8 וְהָרָעָ֤ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!5|MId=o120070040051|Strong=2050b 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_7:4!5|MId=o120070040052|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 רָעָ֤ב רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=famine|Ref=2KI_7:4!5|MId=o120070040053|Strong=7458 9-11 בָּעִיר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[is].in|Ref=2KI_7:4!6|MId=o120070040061|Strong=0871a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_7:4!6|MId=o120070040061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 עִיר֙ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=city|Ref=2KI_7:4!6|MId=o120070040062|Strong=5892 12-13 וָמַ֣תְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!7|MId=o120070040071|Strong=2050b 13 מַ֣תְנוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 conj _ Gloss=we.will.die|Ref=2KI_7:4!7|MId=o120070040072|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=weqatal 14 שָׁ֔ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=2KI_7:4!8|MId=o120070040081|Strong=8033 15-16 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!9|MId=o120070040091|Strong=2050b 16 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=2KI_7:4!9|MId=o120070040092|Strong=0518 17 יָשַׁ֥בְנוּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 20 advcl _ Gloss=we.sat|Ref=2KI_7:4!10|MId=o120070040101|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=qatal 18 פֹ֖ה פֹּה ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=2KI_7:4!11|MId=o120070040111|Strong=6311 19-20 וָמָ֑תְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!12|MId=o120070040121|Strong=2050b 20 מָ֑תְנוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 conj _ Gloss=we.will.die|Ref=2KI_7:4!12|MId=o120070040122|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=weqatal 21-22 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!13|MId=o120070040131|Strong=2050b 22 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=2KI_7:4!13|MId=o120070040132|Strong=6258 23 לְכוּ֙ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 11 parataxis _ Gloss=come|Ref=2KI_7:4!14|MId=o120070040141|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=imperative 24-25 וְנִפְּלָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!15|MId=o120070040151|Strong=2050b 25 נִפְּלָה֙ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 conj _ Gloss=let.us.fall|Ref=2KI_7:4!15|MId=o120070040152|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=cohortative 26 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_7:4!16|MId=o120070040161|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 27 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=2KI_7:4!17|MId=o120070040171|Strong=4264 28 אֲרָ֔ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aram|Ref=2KI_7:4!18|MId=o120070040181|Strong=0758 29 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=2KI_7:4!19|MId=o120070040191|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 יְחַיֻּ֣נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 יְחַיֻּ֣ חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 32 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=2KI_7:4!20|MId=o120070040201|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:120070040171;A1:120070040202;|Type=yiqtol 31 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=will.let.us.live|Ref=2KI_7:4!20|MId=o120070040202|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 32 נִֽחְיֶ֔ה חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 parataxis _ Gloss=we.will.live|Ref=2KI_7:4!21|MId=o120070040211|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=yiqtol 33-34 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!22|MId=o120070040221|Strong=2050b 34 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=2KI_7:4!22|MId=o120070040222|Strong=0518 35-36 יְמִיתֻ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 יְמִיתֻ֖ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 38 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=2KI_7:4!23|MId=o120070040231|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:120070040171;A0:120070040232;|Type=yiqtol 36 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ Gloss=will.put.us.to.death|Ref=2KI_7:4!23|MId=o120070040232|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 37-38 וָמָֽתְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_7:4!24|MId=o120070040241|Strong=2050b 38 מָֽתְנוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 11 conj _ Gloss=we.will.die|Ref=2KI_7:4!24|MId=o120070040242|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:120070030021;|Type=weqatal 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=2KI_7:4!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַרְנוּ *we said* | qatal · qal | | נָבוֹא *we will enter* | | | | נָבוֹא *we will enter* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | מַתְנוּ *we will die* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | יָשַׁבְנוּ *we sat* | qatal · qal | | | | | | מָתְנוּ *we will die* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | לְכוּ *come* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נִפְּלָה *let us fall* | cohortative · qal | | | | | | יְחַיֻּ *they* | yiqtol · piel | מַחֲנֵה *the camp* | נוּ *will let us live* | | | | נִֽחְיֶה *we will live* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יְמִיתֻ *they* | yiqtol · hiphil | נוּ *will put us to death* | | | מַחֲנֵה *the camp* | | מָֽתְנוּ *we will die* | weqatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אִם נֵימַר נֵיעוֹל לְקַרְתָּא וְכַפְנָא בְקַרְתָּא וּנְמוּת תַּמָן וְאִם נִתֵיב הָכָא וּנְמוּת וּכְעַן אֱתוֹ וְנִשְׁתְּמַע לְמַשִׁרְיַת אֲרָם אִם יְחַיוּנָנָא וְנֵחִי אִם יִקְטְלוּנָנָא וְנִתְקַטֵיל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [If we say: We will enter into the city, then the famine is in the city, and we shall die there; and if we sit still here, we die also.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.201/) 2. [Now therefore come, and let us fall unto the host of the Arameans; if they save us alive, we shall live; and if they kill us, we shall but die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.202/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:177`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 7:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.7.3/) - next →: [2 Kings 7:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.7.5/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/7/)